The mechanical deterioration of soft rocks under freeze–thaw cycles is caused by the accumulation mesoscopic damage. However, current model for does not adequately consider multiscale correlations, which makes strength calculation results differ greatly from test and cannot fully reveal damage mechanism cycling conditions. In this paper, bond pore ice expansion laws are considered soft-rock uni...

I will start this treatise with a history of two major themes in data integration. In my opinion, the topic began with the major retailers in the 1990s consolidating their sales data into a data warehouse. To do this they needed to extract data from in-store sales systems, transform it into a predefined common representation (think of this as a global schema), and then load it into a data wareh...

In order to automate the scooping task, it is desirable that the resistive force acting on the bucket be obtained before the scooping is performed. The objective of this study is to derive theoretically the resistive forces acting on the bucket during scooping of piled rock fragments. First, the changes in the shape of the rock pile due to the penetration of it by the bucket are modeled. Based ...

35 36 The rock type of hard-substrata marine habitats can affect numerous benthic invertebrates, but 37 little is known of the effects on molluscan assemblages, for example, the chitons often found 38 under intertidal boulders. We compared chiton assemblage composition, abundance, species 39 richness, and patterns of frequency distribution in ten boulder-fields containing either hard 40 metamor...

Complex geological conditions often make the blasting effect difficult to control. In order explore influence of soft-hard rock strata on characteristics, based PFC2D software, combined with particle expansion loading algorithm, numerical simulation experiments are carried out. Firstly, rationality method is verified by single-hole sandstone experiment. Then, composite established, and strata, ...

We used the 11,303 return air roadway of Hongqingliang coal mine as engineering background for a study exploring impact structural morphology on stress distribution characteristics and stability weakly cemented soft-rock roadway. This work studies evolution law deformation, plastic zone roadways with retaining top or bottom seams. The results show that when is replaced by coal, high-stress vert...

Sedimentary Rocks composing the Thar Lignite basin Pakistan are of clastic origin. These rocks have comparatively low uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) values, and hence recognized as ‘soft sedimentary rocks’ in this study. UCS is a fundamental property rocks, used by mine design engineers designing surface underground excavations. The purpose study to investigate relationship between with Br...

the main purpose of this paper is to introduce and study new classes of soft closed sets like soft regular generalized b-closed sets in soft topological spaces (brie y soft rgb-closed set) moreover, soft rg-closed, soft gpr-closed, soft gb-closed, soft gsp-closed, soft g-closed, soft gb-closed, and soft sgb-closed sets in soft topological spaces are introduced in this paper and we investigat...

in this work, we introduce notion of connectedness on fuzzy soft topological spaces and present fundamentals properties. we also investigate effect to fuzzy soft connectedness. moreover, c_i-connectedness which plays an important role in fuzzy topological space extend to fuzzy soft topological spaces.