We have used capacitance measurements with a 1-microsecond voltage clamp technique to probe electrogenic ion-transporter interactions in giant excised membrane patches. The hydrophobic ion dipicrylamine was used to test model predictions for a simple charge-moving reaction. The voltage and frequency dependencies of the apparent dipicrylamine-induced capacitance, monitored by 1-mV sinusoidal per...

Cesium uptake by sodium-loaded frog sartorius muscles was inhibited 100% by 10(-6)M ouabain and 10(-6)M cymarin. The doses for 50% inhibition of cesium uptake by five cardiotonic aglycones were 1.5 x 10(-6)M for strophanthidin, 2 x 10(-7)M for telocinobufagin, 1.6 x 10(-6) for digitoxigenin, 2.4 x 10(-6)M for periplogenin, and 6.3 x 10(-6)M for uzarigenin. Because of the limited solubility of s...

We use Brownian dynamics (BD) simulations to study the ionic conduction and valence selectivity of a generic electrostatic model of a biological ion channel as functions of the fixed charge Q(f) at its selectivity filter. We are thus able to reconcile the discrete calcium conduction bands recently revealed in our BD simulations, M0 (Q(f)=1e), M1 (3e), M2 (5e), with a set of sodium conduction ba...

Structural and ion-ordering phase transitions limit the viability of sodium-ion intercalation materials in grid scale battery storage by reducing their lifetime. However, combination phenomena nanoparticulate electrodes creates complex behavior that is difficult to investigate, especially on single-nanoparticle under operating conditions. In this work, operando single-particle X-ray diffraction...

The fragmentation of underivatized and peracetylated maltooligosaccharides, ranging in length from four to seven glucose residues, has been investigated by 252Cf plasma desorption mass spectrometry (PDMS). Investigations are made of the effects on the mass spectra of (1) peracetylation, (2) sample preparation by electrospray deposition onto metallic substrates versus adsorption onto nitrocellul...

Sodium-ion batteries are now considered as a low-cost alternative to lithium-ion technologies for large-scale energy storage applications; however, their safety is still a matter of great concern for practical applications. In this paper, a safer sodium-ion battery is proposed by introducing a nonflammable phosphate electrolyte (trimethyl phosphate, TMP) coupled with NaNi0.35Mn0.35Fe0.3O2 catho...

We present fast and sustainable mechanochemical synthesis of sodium carboxylates, usable as active material in ion batteries with competitive electrochemical performance.

We developed a minimally invasive glucose monitoring system that uses a microneedle to permeate the skin surface and a small hydrogel to accumulate interstitial fluid glucose. The measurement of glucose and sodium ion levels in the hydrogel is required for estimating glucose levels in blood; therefore, we developed a small, enzyme-fixed glucose sensor with a high-selectivity, all-solid-state, s...

Sodium-ion batteries are alternatives for lithium-ion in applications where cost-effectiveness is of primary concern, such as stationary energy storage. The stability sodium-ion limited by the current generation electrolytes, particularly at higher temperatures. Therefore, search an electrolyte which stable these temperatures utmost importance. Here, electrolytes introduced form nonflammable de...

Hypotonic solution alters ion channel activity, but little attention has been paid to voltage-dependent sodium channels. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hypotonic solution on transient sodium currents (I NaT) and persistent sodium currents (I NaP). We also explored whether the intracellular signal transduction systems participated in the hypotonic modifications of sodium...