This study examined the relations of income and children's effortful control to teacher reports of preschoolers' social competence and adjustment problems. This study tested whether changes in effortful control accounted for the effects of income on children's adjustment. A community sample (N=306) of preschool-age children (36-40 mos.) and their mothers, representing the full range of income (...

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I is a potent growth-promoting and anabolic hormone with major roles in cellular growth and differentiation, protein metabolism and muscle physiology, wound healing, erythropoiesis, and immune stimulation. Few, if any, studies have examined social or psychological factors that could give rise to individual differences in IGF-I levels. As part of a long-term psyc...

People's evaluations in the domain of healthy eating are at least partly determined by the choice context. We systematically test reference level and rank-based models of relative comparisons against each other and explore their application to social norms nudging, an intervention that aims at influencing consumers' behavior by addressing their inaccurate beliefs about their consumption relativ...

Individuals differ in their social status and societies in the extent of social status differences among their members. There is great interest in understanding the key factors that contribute to the establishment of social dominance structures. Given that stress can affect behavior and cognition, we hypothesized that, given equal opportunities to become either dominant or submissive, stress ex...

In this paper we investigate the problem of measuring social mobility when the social status of individuals is given by their rank. In order to sensibly represent the rank mobility of subgroups within a given society, we address the problem in terms of partial permutation matrices which include standard (“global”) matrices as a special case. We first provide a characterization of a partial orde...

In this paper I construct a relational occupational scale for post-Soviet Russia using data from the ISSP for 1992-2006 and Goodman's RC type II model. The resulting scale is similar to the scales previously constructed for Western countries. Non-manual occupations rank higher than manual, and professionals rank higher than managers. The scale for Russia is well correlated with education, subje...

OBJECTIVE Financial resources are a potent determinant of health, yet it remains unclear why this is the case. We aimed to identify whether the frequently observed association between absolute levels of monetary resources and health may occur because money acts an indirect proxy for a person's social rank. METHOD To address this question we examined over 230,000 observations on 40,400 adults ...

It has been suggested that the amount of maternal testosterone allocated into the eggs might be implicated in the process of sex determination. However, recent findings on the effect that female social rank has on the level of egg testosterone suggest that reported associations between male-biased sex ratios and yolk testosterone may represent an indirect hormonal effect mediated by the interde...

Social network analysis has become a major research area that has impact in diverse applications ranging from search engines to product recommendation systems. A major problem in implementing social network analysis algorithms is the sheer size of many social networks, for example, the Facebook graph has more than 900 million vertices and even small networks may have tens of millions of vertice...

Conceptual metaphors are linguistic constructions. Such a metaphor is humans' mental representation of social rank as a pyramidal-like structure. High-ranked individuals are represented in higher positions than low-ranked individuals. We show that conceptual metaphorical mapping between social rank and the representational domain exists in our closest evolutionary relatives, the chimpanzees. Ch...