This paper empirically studies two issues in health insurance provision for wage and salary workers in Argentina and their utilization of health services: (1) the moral hazard problem; and (2) the role of prices in utilization. I examine the relationship between insurance and utilization both by estimating how insurance type affects utilization and by parameterizing characteristics of seven maj...

The goal of this paper is to draw attention to the long lasting effect of education on economic outcomes. We use the relationship between education and two routes to early retirement – the receipt of Social Security Disability Insurance (DI) and the early claiming of Social Security retirement benefits – to illustrate the long-lasting influence of education. We find that for both men and women ...

In 1935, when the Social Security Act was passed, little was known about the economic position of the Nation’s older men and women. Today, through surveys of insurance bene$ciaries conducted by the Bureau of Old-Age and Survivors Insurance, much more is known. The evaluation of the economic situation of aged beneficiaries that is presented in the following pages is based on the national benefic...

Background Private health insurance is one of the sources of funds for financing health care apart from direct taxes, public insurance and out of pocket payments. Regardless of the choice between a social and private insurance, health insurance ownership has been linked with lower OOP. Thus, health insurance as a type of health care financing, no doubt, will be one of the financing mechanisms i...

the multi-criteria decision making model is an important tool for decision making in water resource management. in this paper, the topsis model was used to rank seven flood management options in the gorganrood river flood management project, including conservation of natural condition, golestan reservoir management, levee construction, diversions-channel construction, flood forecasting and warn...

Since the depression of the 1930s, Canadian and American workers have relied upon employers and governments for solutions to problems of economic insecurity brought on by illness, accident, unemployment, and old age. In the case of sickness insurance, 86% of Canadian paid workers who were sick for two or more weeks over the period 1978 to 1981 received compensation for lost wages through either...

Is the historical development of the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program unique or similar to the development of social security programs in other industrialized countries? The U.S. Social Security program was adopted some 40 to 50 years after those of most Western European nations. The United States thus had the opportunity to choose from a number of models and clearly...

a r t i c l e i n f o This paper studies the U.S. income tax and disability insurance systems in a unified framework with relevant private information and a general social welfare function. To that end, I develop a dynamic model in which agents differ in labor productivity and disability status, which are both private information. The optimal allocation can exhibit negative marginal labor incom...