The residuals obtained from fitting a structural equation model are crucial ingredients in obtaining chi-square goodness-of-fit statistics for the model. We present a didactic discussion of the residuals, obtaining a geometrical interpretation by recognizing the residuals as the result of oblique projections. This sheds light on the concept of degrees of freedom of the model. We use a simple ex...

In this paper, two new paradigms are proposed with fractal collage and reconstruction residuals to enhance FIC. In the first new paradigm, FIC is optimized using the reconstruction residuals. In the second paradigm, the selected collage residuals are used to correct the iterated function system (IFS) of FIC, and an effective technique for coding the selected collage residuals is applied based o...

1. Residuals from linear regressions are used frequently in statistical analysis, often for the purpose of controlling for unwanted effects in multivariable datasets. This paper criticizes the practice, building upon recent critiques. 2. Regression of residuals is often used as an alternative to multiple regression, often with the aim of controlling for confounding variables. When correlations ...

four hundred and eighty mixed-sex broiler chicks aged 3 hrs after hatching were allotted according to a completely random design in a 6 × 2 × 2 factorial schedule into 2 groups of 12 replications of 20 chicks each. the main experimental factors were fasting for 0, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hrs after chick placement, calcium gluconate (ca-glu) injection (0 and 0.6 ml) and sex (male and female). inde...

The use of residuals for detecting departures from the assumptions of the linear model, whether full rank or not, has long been recognized as an important diagnostic tool, once it became computationally feasible to compute them in a straight forward way, and several contributions to the literature have focussed on their underlying properties and their effectiveness. The recursive residuals are ...