To increase understanding of the epidemiology, risks, consequences and resource utilization of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in Japan, a systematic literature review was undertaken of relevant publications from January 2006 to November 2017. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and methods, 55 articles met the criteria for full...

The Maryland-Washington, DC region has been experiencing significant land-use changes and changes in local and regional travel patterns due to increasing growth and sprawl. The region’s highway and transit networks regularly experience severe congestion levels. Before proceeding with plans to build new transportation infrastructure to address this expanding demand for travel, a critical questio...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence of the asymptomatic thyroglossal duct anomalies and to review the literature and make comments on the significance of this condition. METHODS A total of 80 cadavers were dissected in the present study. This study was carried out during 2005, where the cadavers were randomly included from the criminal laboratories of the Ministry of Justice, Republic of T...

study of the mass transfer (MT) across an oil/water interface is important for the fundamental understanding of liquid/liquid extraction, biological membranes, and so on. The kinetic analysis of the fast MT of neutral species across an oil/water interface is difficult since the MT occurs during the construction of the oil/water interface. Several efforts have been devoted to the direct kinetic ...

Purpose Up to 90% of antibiotics that are fed to livestock are excreted unaltered or as metabolites and thus are present in manure. By application of manure as fertilizer, veterinary antibiotics can reach soil and groundwater. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of three commonly used (and simultaneously applied) sulfonamide antibiotics on both function and structural diversity of ...

Amantadine acetylation was demonstrated to occur both in vivo and in vitro using transgenic male mice overexpressing spermidine/spermine N-acetyltransferase (SSAT). We previously reported that neither NAT1 nor NAT2 was responsible for catalyzing acetylation of the primary amine group of amantadine. We hypothesized that the inducible polyamine-catabolizing enzyme, SSAT, was an alternate pathway ...

This review summarizes peer-reviewed literature related to analysis, occurrence, and fate of emerging chemical contaminants in the water environment. The review focuses on the following broad categories of emerging contaminants: pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs); endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), including hormones, surfactants, and plasticizers; and brominated flame retar...