the output of x-ray, especially in the field of required energy for diagnosing the disease is very low (in diagnosing lamps, it is less than 1%). in this kind of lamps the rest of the electrical energy is transformed to heat. this considerable amount of heat induces a myriad of too many limitations in choosing higher levels of radiation, particularly in specialized techniques. this process is t...

The Java Media Framework (JMF) provides a rich set of functionality for building multimedia applications. Using the JMF to build simple multimedia applications is trivial; however, using the JMF to build more complex, interactive multimedia presentations is a much more difficult task. With the recently introduced integration of Tcl and Java, the Tcl language can now be extended to provide a scr...

Monitoring and analysis of QoS are crucial steps for the provisioning of self-healing web services and for managing web service-based distributed interactive applications. Dealing with these issues becomes even more challenging when applications are dynamically built by composition of distributed services involving different service providers. In this case, assuming access to the internal logic...

Abstract This chapter defines the transdisciplinary research framework in which this study has been realised. It also provides an overview of collaboration projects and working definitions for related key terms.