In recent years, an executive number of attacks is to be advanced the power system knowledge that may be able to create an integrity over the world. Wisely The security development of charging stations becomes urgent matters. The attention of smart grid and integrate different technology such as The quality of electric vehicles on the road increases more and more interesting. For example, Charg...

This thesis breaks new ground by providing the first detailed study of smart card innovation during its first twenty years (1974-1996). The overall aim is to apply sociotechnical principles to further our understanding of the innovation process as it relates to smart card technology. By using a sociotechnical framework, this study also seeks to illustrate the Umitations of conventional innovati...

A smart city is an environment where a pervasive, multi-service network is employed to provide citizens improved living conditions as well as better public safety and security. Advanced communication technologies are essential to achieve this goal. In particular, an efficient and reliable communication network plays a crucial role in providing continue, ubiquitous, and reliable interconnections...

Culture, society, and technology heavily influence architectural form, and basic architectural elements and functions evolve to suit users’ needs. In the 20 century, with the development of computational technology, architecture underwent dramatic transformation. Human-computer interaction (HCI) has changed architectural space into a smart space, which provides new ways for humans to interact w...

BACKGROUND Around the world, populations are aging and there is a growing concern about ways that older adults can maintain their health and well-being while living in their homes. OBJECTIVES The aim of this paper was to conduct a systematic literature review to determine: (1) the levels of technology readiness among older adults and, (2) evidence for smart homes and home-based health-monitor...

With the rapid development of hardware and the emerging of smart devices like smart phones and wearable gadgets, software, the soul of those devices, becomes more and more important. However, program bugs, which often cause system failure and misbehaviors, is one of the most severe stumbling blocks for even further development of those technologies. Since automatically detecting all bugs in a p...

The Internet of Things aims to connect networked information systems and real-world business processes. Technologies, such as barcodes, radio transponders (RFID) and wireless sensor networks, which are directly attached to physical items and assets transform objects into Smart Items. These Smart Items deliver the data to realize the accurate real-time representation of ’things’ within the infor...

Active spaces and smart rooms are quickly gaining popularity in both the research arena, and in commercial projects. Active spaces are physical spaces populated with massive numbers of specialized embedded computing devices that increase human productivity by enabling users to interact seamlessly with the surrounding environment. Security for active spaces is necessary. In such settings, it is ...

On 9 October 2012 Gerrit Niezen successfully defended his PhD dissertation at Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands, entitled: “Ontologies for interaction: Enabling serendipitous interoperability in smart environments”. The work was supported by the SOFIA (Smart Objects For Intelligent Applications) project and funded through European JTI ARTEMIS under the subprogramme “Smart Envi...

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are gaining tremendous importance thanks to their broad range of commercial applications. Out of the fields of research in WSN, virtualization of wireless sensor network is a brand new research approach. In this age of economic recession, this state-of-the art technology can provide the opportunity to build economic business model for smart house. In this paper w...