The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission has been validating its soil moisture (SM) products since the start of data production on March 31, 2015. Prior to launch, defined a set criteria for core validation sites (CVS) that enable testing key SM accuracy requirement (unbiased root-mean-square error <0.04 m3/m3)...

The Agulhas Current is a critical component of global ocean circulation and has been observed to respond El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events via its temperature salinity signatures. In this research, we use sea surface (SSS) from the National Aeronautics Space Administration’s (NASA) Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite, (SST) observations Canadian Meteorological Centre (CMC), h...

High spatiotemporal soil moisture (SM) is essential for many meteorological, hydrological, and agricultural applications studies. Spaceborne Global Navigation Satellite System-Reflectometry (GNSS-R) provides a promising opportunity high-resolution SM retrievals. NASA’s Cyclone System (CYGNSS) recent GNSS-R application that offers relatively high spatial temporal resolution observations from ear...