The present study is based on a systematic research review. The review of literature is an important component of the research process and should be carried out in an orderly manner. It is also known as the back bone of research study. It involves a systematic identification, location and analysis of documents containing information related to the research problem. The purpose of reviewing lite...

Current findings show that sleep facilitates problem solving through restructuring of the problem representation. Theories on insight suggest that such representational change occurs only if an individual has reached an impasse. Accordingly, the effects of sleep should be found only on difficult insight problems that can induce an impasse. To test this prediction, participants attempted easy an...

Sleep disturbances are common problems in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) caused by various factors including nocturnal motor symptoms, psychiatric symptoms, dementia, medication use and circadian cycle disruptions as well as comorbidity with sleep apnea syndrome (SAS), restless legs syndrome (RLS) and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) (Table 1). As impaired sleep quality ...

Background: Sleep deprivation has numerous negative consequences on the human body and mind. It exacerbates anxiety, irritability, and nervousness and worsens the cardiovascular function. This study aimed at evaluating the quality of sleep in patients admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit. Methods: This was a descriptive study with 93 patients hospitalized in critical care units of three...

BACKGROUND To our knowledge, no prospective studies examine the relationships among childhood sleep problems, adolescent executive functioning, and substance outcomes (i.e., substance use and substance-related problems). In this study, we examined whether childhood sleep problems predicted adolescent sleep problems and response inhibition. We also tested whether adolescent sleep problems and po...

BACKGROUND Children with Down syndrome (DS) suffer from sleep problems, including sleep maintenance problems, as well as snoring, and other symptoms of disordered breathing. To examine sleep in DS, we gave parents a questionnaire assessing their child's sleep. MATERIALS AND METHODS The parents of 35 children with DS (mean age = 12.65 years, range = 7-18 years) completed the 33-item Children's...

OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of multiple types of sleep problems in young adolescents with ADHD. METHOD Adolescents comprehensively diagnosed with ADHD (N = 262) and their caregivers completed well-validated measures of sleep problems and daytime sleepiness. Participants also completed measures related to medication use, comorbidities, and other...

the effect of massage therapy on the quality of sleep in women with multiple sclerosis being admitted by isfahan m.s. association bahraini s , naji sa* , mannani r , bekhradi r received: 25 april, 2010 accepted: 27 july, 2010 abstract background & aims: low quality of sleep is one of the most common signs in multiple sclerosis that can result in reducing the quality of life, increasing mortalit...

OBJECTIVES The primary purposes of the present study were to survey the prevalence of sleep problems in school-aged children and to examine these associations with parental perception of sleep problems, medical history, and childhood psychopathology. METHODS Sleep and medical history questionnaires and the Child Behavior Checklist were administered to the parents of 472 children between ages ...

introduction:today, shift work is considered as a necessity in many jobs and for some 24-hour services the use of shift-work is growing. however, shift work can lead to physiological and psycho-social problems for shift workers. this study aimed to determine the effects of shift work on the associated health problems, together with the demographic and job characteristics underlying the problems...