Carotenoids are pigments naturally occurring in a various number of fruits and vegetables. There are two main classes of these compounds, carotenes, which are hydrocarbons, and xanthophylls, which are derivatives of carotenes. Zeaxanthin belongs to the second class and is the main pigment of yellow corn (Zea mays L.). This compound plays a critical role in the prevention of age-related macular ...

Professor Koletzko’s recent letter to the editor [AJHB 17(3): 381–382] was in reference to the journal volume devoted to the 2004 Human Biology Association plenary session, ‘‘The fetal origins of developmental plasticity: life history, adaptation, and disease’’ [AJHB 17(1)]. Koletzko raises questions about the intellectual lineage of the hypothesis that early environments have lasting effects o...

Very few drugs in modern history have had a history similar to that of thalidomide. First introduced in the late 1950s in Germany (1), thalidomide soon became available in a total of 46 countries, including Canada and the United Kingdom but not the United States. Originally, it was marketed as an over-thecounter sedative-hypnotic and antiemetic drug for use in pregnancy. Thalidomide was withdra...

Studies of risk preference have empirically established two regularities that are inconsistent with the canonical expected utility model: (1) risk aversion over small gambles greatly exceeds risk aversion over larger stakes and (2) insurance buyers play the lottery. This paper characterizes risk preferences both theoretically and empirically in a world with two consumption goods, one of which i...

The metabolites and enzymes synthesized by microorganisms have been widely used as food (Mitsuhashi, 2014; Wendisch, 2014), pharmaceuticals (Elander, 2003; Endo, 2010), biofuels (Geddes et al., 2011), pesticides (Waldron et al., 2001; Yoon et al., 2004), and detergents (Shaligram and Singhal, 2010), as well as in the manufacturing process of these industrial products (Kirk et al., 2002; Merino ...

The X family DNA polymerase from African swine fever virus (Pol X) has recently been characterized as the smallest known nucleotidyl transferase and has been suggested to play a role in DNA repair analogous to that of its mammalian sequence homologue, DNA polymerase â (Pol â).1 In this study an indepth kinetic analysis of Pol X, including catalytic efficiency and fidelity measurements for all p...

Jigsaw activity was introduced to promote peer interaction and cooperation for learning in Physiology. The activity was performed on 1st semester MBBS students after delivering didactic lectures on the selected topics. The topic selected was “Mechanics of Respiration”, which was further divided into 10 sub-topics. The students were randomly divided into 10 parent groups, with 10 students in eac...

background and objectives: in many studies, chronic diseases are associated with incidence of driving accident. the main objective of the present study is investigation the effect of physical and mental disorders status of bus drivers on the occurrence of crashes. materials and methods: this research is a cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical study that was performed on 665 bus drivers' pu...

background and objectives: in many studies, chronic diseases are associated with incidence of driving accident. the main objective of the present study is investigation the effect of physical and mental disorders status of bus drivers on the occurrence of crashes. materials and methods: this research is a cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical study that was performed on 665 bus drivers' pu...

Backlight application specializes in supplying light, with notable examples including liquid crystal display (LCD), hand-phone LCD, and PDA LCD. The integrated process capability and integrated process yield for cold cathode fluorescent lamp backlight are unknown. Process capability analysis is a highly effective means of assessing the process ability of backlight that meets specifications. A l...