Evidence based medicine (EBM) can be found as far back as the 1940s. However, it was in 1972 that the concept first came into play, originated by Professor Archie Cochrane, in his book, Effectiveness & Efficiency: Random Reflections on Health Services. This was the foundation for evidence based research, and in 1992 a facility was funded by the UK government, with the aim of performing r...

[1] A 94-year time series of annual glacier melt at four high elevation sites in the European Alps is used to investigate the effect of global dimming and brightening of solar radiation on glacier mass balance. Snow and ice melt was stronger in the 1940s than in recent years, in spite of significantly higher air temperatures in the present decade. An inner Alpine radiation record shows that in ...

Ranked choice voting first gained a foothold in the U.S. during Progressive Movement 20th century as calls for electoral reforms grew. was implemented many cities across both single- and multi-seat districts. But, by 1940s it became victim of its own success, turning tides hegemonic white male leadership legislative bodies with election women. Since 1990s, ranked has once again traction U.S., t...