We consider solutions of normal form games that are invariant under strategic equivalence. We consider additional properties that can be expected (or be desired) from a solution of a game, and we observe the following: • Even the weakest notion of individual rationality restricts the set of solutions to be equilibria. This observation holds for all types of solutions: in pure-strategies, in mix...

Chemical and analytical monitoring of the quality of environment is based on the accounting of the trace amount of substances. Considering the multicomponent composition of the environment and running processes of transformation of substances in it, in determination of the danger of the exposure to the chemical pollution of environment on population health there is necessary evaluation based on...

Transdermal diffusion studies of a polyherbal ointment were carried out in vito using franz- Diffusion cell and microbial one inhibition diameter as drug release monitoring parameters. Out of the three ointment base prepared, (Hydrocarbon Base (HB), surfactant Base (SB), Surfactant Base + (Penetration Enhancer (10 % DMSO) SBPE), we observed that SBPE possesses maximum drug release capacity, as ...

This paper addresses the identification of NGN (Next Generation Networks) user terminals experiencing similar QoS (Quality of Service) conditions. This information is useful regarding the identification of adequate QoS monitoring points in order to provide a resource-saving QoS monitoring approach. An ART 2 neural network has been evaluated for the comparison and classification of sequences of ...

This paper deals with a broadband optical monitoring set up useful for the manufacturing of absorbing coatings. The monitoring strategy consists in simultaneous measurements of transmittance and reflectance over a large spectral range. The resulting analysis allows then to determine the real time deposited thickness. A stage of design correction is possible after the deposition and analysis of ...

Single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy addresses biological mechanisms and enables ultrasensitive diagnostics. We describe a new family of single-molecule fluorescence methods that uses alternating-laser excitation (ALEX) of diffusing or immobilized biomolecules to study their structure, interactions, and dynamics. This is accomplished using ratios that report on the distance between and the...

This paper works towards autonomous lakeshore monitoring, which involves long–term operation over a large–scale, natural environment. Natural environments widely vary in appearance over time, which reduces the effectiveness of many appearance–based data association techniques. Rather than perform monitoring using appearance– based features, we are investigating whether the lakeshore geometry ca...

Simultaneous long-term monitoring of underwater sound and ship traffic provided an opportunity to study how low-frequency noise correlated with ocean-based commercial shipping trends. Between 2007 and 2010 changes in regional shipping off southern California occurred as a consequence of economic and regulatory events. Underwater average noise levels measured before and during these events showe...

This paper proposes a new detection system for monitoring gas concentration and flow rate. Velocity difference of ultrasonic wave in bi-directional propagation in measured gas is recorded and utilized for computing the online gas concentration and flow rate. Meanwhile, the temperature compensation, return signal processing and error analysis algorithms are applied to improve the accuracy. The e...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring is commonly used to assess the circadian pattern of BP. Circadian BP pattern is influenced by physical activity and sleep cycle. The effect of BP monitoring itself on the level of physical activity and sleep remains unknown. If BP monitoring affects these parameters, then monitoring itself may influence the circadian BP pattern...