Microgravity induces observed bone loss in space flight, and reduced osteogenesis of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) partly contributes to this phenomenon. Abnormal regulation or functioning of the actin cytoskeleton induced by microgravity may cause the inhibited osteogenesis of BMSCs, but the underlying mechanism remains obscure. In this study, we demonstrated that actin cytoskeletal chan...

Post-spaceflight results and findings from humans and rodents after conditions of bed rest or simulated microgravity indicate maximum exercise performance is significantly compromised. However, the chronic administration of dobutamine (a synthetic adrenomimetic) to humans in relevant experiments improves exercise performance by mechanisms that prevent the decline in peak O2 consumption (VO2peak...

BACKGROUND Astronauts conducting extravehicular activities undergo decompression to a lower ambient pressure, potentially resulting in gas bubble formation within the tissues and venous circulation. Additionally, exposure to microgravity produces fluid shifts within the body leading to cardiovascular deconditioning. A lower incidence of decompression illness in actual spaceflight compared with ...

Microgravity conditions associated with space flight have been shown to cause immune deficiencies in a number of ways, such as decreasing hematopoietic differentiation, cytokine production, and lymphocyte proliferation1. Space flight has also been shown to cause changes in DNA fragmentation and changes in lymphoid organ size in mice models2. Research on immunology in spaceflight became a preval...

Directed in-situ science and exploration on the surface of small Solar System bodies requires controlled mobility. In the microgravity environment of small bodies such as asteroids, comets or small moons, the low gravitational and frictional forces at the surface make typical wheeled rovers ine↵ective. Through a joint collaboration, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory together with Stanford Universit...