Background: Approximately one quarter of all nosocomial infections can be attributed to the urinary tract. The infections are supposed to be mainly caused by implantations of urethral catheters and stents. A new catheter design is introduced with the aim to lower the high number of nosocomial urethral infections. In order to avoid limitations to use, the design is first applied to conventional ...

Coating titania shells onto sub-micron sized particles has been widely studied recently, with success mainly limited to objects with sizes above 50 nm. Direct coating on particles below this size has been difficult to attain especially with good control over properties such as thickness and crystallinity. Here we demonstrate that titanium-glycolate formed by reacting titanium alkoxide and ethyl...

It is recognized that explosive blast Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) may be a significant risk factor for seizure and consequently Post-Traumatic Epilepsy (PTE). This has importance clinically as the manifestation of seizures following a blast exposure may be the only objective clinical sign that a victim may have suffered cellular and structural brain injury. The mechanisms by which explosive bl...

Repetitive mild or "concussive" traumatic brain injury (TBI) can cause substantial neurologic impairment, but the pathological features of this type of injury are not fully understood. We report an experimental model of TBI in which the closed skulls of anesthetized male C57BL/6J mice are struck with an electromagnetically controlled rubber impactor twice with an interval of 24 hours between im...

Biological synthesis of nanoparticles is a growing innovative approach that is relatively cheaper and more environmentally friendly than current physicochemical processes. Among various microorganisms, fungi have been found to be comparatively more efficient in the synthesis of nanomaterials. In this research work, extracellular mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was probed by reacti...

Hormones secreted from the pituitary gland regulate important processes such as development, growth and metabolism, reproduction, water balance, and body pigmentation. Synthesis and secretion of pituitary hormones are regulated by different factors from the hypothalamus, but also through feedback mechanisms from peripheral organs, and from the pituitary itself. In the European eel extensive att...

We report on theoretical and experimental studies of the reactivity of ethylene with oxygen in two well-known oxygen induced surface reconstructions on silver, the p(2 × 1) reconstruction on the Ag(110) surface and the p(4 × 4) reconstruction on the Ag(111) surface. Density functional theory calculations demonstrate that ethylene can react with oxygen on both surfaces to form an oxametallacycle...

Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were synthesized by the chemical reducing method in the external and interlamellar space of montmorillonite (MMT) as a solid support at room temperature. AgNO(3) and NaBH(4) were used as a silver precursor and reducing agent, respectively. The most favorable experimental conditions for synthesizing Ag NPs in the MMT are described in terms of the initial concentrati...

Hierarchical, titania-coated, nanofibrous, carbon hybrid materials were fabricated by employing natural cellulosic substances (commercial filter paper) as a scaffold and carbon precursor. Ultrathin titania films were firstly deposited by means of a surface sol-gel process to coat each nanofiber in the filter paper, and successive calcination treatment under nitrogen atmosphere yielded the titan...

In this study, silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were synthesized using a green physical synthetic route into the lamellar space of montmorillonite (MMT)/chitosan (Cts) utilizing the ultraviolet (UV) irradiation reduction method in the absence of any reducing agent or heat treatment. Cts, MMT, and AgNO(3) were used as the natural polymeric stabilizer, solid support, and silver precursor, respective...