The grain level in a silo is commercially important. In this work, a novel method is presented to detect the grain level in a silo. Existing methods are generally based on approximations, due to grain dust in the silo. The method proposed here eliminates the effect of grain dust and gives the accurate reading of the grain level. The method is based on the measurements of capacitances of paralle...

We propose a simple model for arch formation in silos. We show that small pertubations (such as the thermal expansion of the beads) may lead to giant stress fluctuations on the bottom plate of the silo. The relative amplitude ∆ of these fluctuations are found to be power-law distributed, as ∆−τ , τ ≃ 1.0. These fluctuations are related to large scale ‘static avalanches’, which correspond to lon...

Field experiments were conducted in 2007 and 2008 to evaluate heat treatment for disinfestations of empty concrete elevator silos. A Mobile Heat Treatment Unit was used to introduce heat into silos to attain target conditions of 50 degrees C for at least 6 h. Ventilated plastic containers with a capacity of 100 g of wheat, Triticum aestivum L., held Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostri...

Nowadays, software development and maintenance are highly distributed processes that involve a multitude of supporting tools and resources. Knowledge relevant for a particular software maintenance task is typically dispersed over a wide range of artifacts in different representational formats and at different abstraction levels, resulting in isolated ‘information silos’. An increasing number of...

Damage to essential facilities (e.g. lifelines and industrial facilities) due to extreme loads may cause remarkable indirect impact as well as direct physical loss. Hence understanding seismic performance of essential facilities is very important in high seismic risk regions. On October 23, 2011 an earthquake of magnitude Mw7.2 occurred in Van province in eastern Turkey. Several damages occurre...

Around the globe, intelligent and pervasive industrial automation has been catapulted in recent years to a top national or regional priority. Known by different names, e.g., “Advanced Manufacturing”, “Smart Manufacturing”, “Industry 4.0” or “Factories of the Future” to highlight a few, these initiatives all bear the same characteristics, i.e., transforming the manufacturing process from a patch...