ii Declaration I declare that the work described in this dissertation is, except where otherwise stated, entirely my own work, and has not been submitted as an exercise for a degree at this or any other university.

Caves can be considered as features of the landscape that have been formatted through a long period and are signs past climatological conditions, prehistoric animal human inhabitation, provide habitat for species. In near past, caves also gained tourism interest since they offer unique sightseeing experiences. The sustainability protection cave heritage recently discussed mainly because over-to...

The paper presents an innovative method for tourist route planning inside a destination. necessity of reorganizing the routes within destination comes as immediate response to Covid-19 crisis. implementation destinations can bring important advantage in transforming into safer one times and post-Covid-19. existing trend shortening stay length has been accelerated while epidemic became pandemic....

With rapid developments in the combined technologies of tourism and mobile communications, Internet access is readily available, anytime and anywhere. The mobile data service industry has gradually replaced voice services, and become the target market of mobile telecommunication system operators. In the mobile commerce field, the characteristics of Location Based Services (LBS) vary widely acco...

With international travel halting as a result of the outbreak COVID-19, several airlines sought to offer Flights Nowhere way generate revenue and keep their aircrafts flight-ready. are sightseeing flights that start finish at same airport without landing elsewhere. These have been heavily criticized for creating unnecessary greenhouse gas emissions. This research explores ethical decision-makin...

Since the outbreak of Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia, there has been an increase public interest using bicycles, especially when exercising. This study aims to determine characteristics, behavior, safety, habits, and perceptions bicycle users Palu City at this time, then a questionnaire was distributed with total 132 participating respondents. The method descriptive frequency data analysis show...

This research addresses aspects related to active urban mobility focusing on the understanding of walkability and criteria that condition it. Walkability is a preponderant factor in quality space, as it about characteristics conditions place presents for walking. In this context, carried out an analysis four space clippings city Blumenau/SC. A method evaluating was applied, thus indexes each ar...