In this paper, we put forward a position we call “situationalism” (or “situated minimalism”), which is a middle-ground view between minimalism and contextualism in recent philosophy of language. We focus on the notion of free enrichment, which first arose within contextualism as underlying the claim that what is said is typically enriched relative to the logical form of the uttered sentence. Ho...

The work in this paper is based on the claim that collaborative dialogue involves taking into account how much information an utterance conveys, in the sense that it thereby shows how it is connected to the linguistic and extra-linguistic context shared by speaker and hearer, by system and human user. I introduce a notion of information enrichment to handle this phenomenon, and discuss informat...

background: most studies on anabolic-androgenic steroids abuse have been done in adult rats, but few data are available to immature. objective: this study was conducted to assay the effect of nandrolone decanoate (nd) on the testis and testosterone concentration in male immature rats compare with mature ones in short and long time. materials and methods: 40 mature rats were divided into 4 group...

Short texts, due to their nature which makes them full of abbreviations and new coined acronyms, are not easy to classify. Text enrichment is emerging in the literature as a potentially useful tool. This paper is a part of a longer term research that aims at understanding the effectiveness of tweet enrichment by means of news, instead of the whole web as a knowledge source. Since the choice of ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Compensatory renal hypertrophy following unilateral nephrectomy (UNX) occurs in the remaining kidney. However, the long-term cardiac adaptive process to UNX remains poorly defined in humans. Our goal was to characterize myocardial structure and function in living kidney donors (LKDs), approximately 12 years after UNX. METHODS AND RESULTS Cardiac function and structure in 1...

the short term imprisonments have been eliminated from the sentence system of many countries. it is said that since the objectives of sentences have not been met, the short term imprisonments have been eliminated. many of lawyers argue that lack of adequate opportunity for recognizing the personality of criminal (observation) and subsequently lack of enough time for reform and resocializing the...