this study carried out in a factorial layout on completely randomaized block design with three replications, to evaluate the above- and below- ground competition between sesame (sesamum indicum) and pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus), and their impacts on sesame yield and yield component. the experimental treatments were all combination of crop-weed competition (shoot competition, root competitio...

We investigated optimum nitrogen rates and different growth substrates for short-term fi nish production of container and bare root shade tree liners in a pot-in-pot production system in the Intermountain West. In one study, nitrogen ranging from 0–27 g N·tree–1 (0–36 lbs N·1000 ft–2) as urea was applied to quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides), ‘Autumn Blaze’ maple (Acer × freemannii ‘Autumn Bla...

In recent years, seeds of the Shantung maple have attracted attention for their economic and medicinal value due to high nervonic acid content in seed oil, which has a curative effect on some demyelinating diseases. However, few studies investigated its fruiting habits branch characteristics; therefore, purpose this research was investigate fruit bearing A. truncatum analyze relationship betwee...

The uptake and metabolism of the cytokinin benzyl adenine (BA) was compared in two lines of Petunia hybrida Vilm. differing in their shoot organogenic response. Leaf transfer experiments using shoot induction medium containing 4.4 micromolar BA showed that leaf explants from petunia line St40 required a shoot induction period of 6 to 10 days for commitment to shoot organogenesis; whereas leaf e...

Small shoot bud galls induced by the Fergusobia (Nematoda: Neotylenchidae)/Fergusonina (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) mutualism occur on various Eucalyptus spp. Four new species of Fergusobia, collected from small shoot bud galls on Eucalyptus camaldulensis, E. gomphocephala and E. leucoxylon, are described. Fergusobia gomphocephalae Davies n. sp. is morphologically characterized by a combination of...

A study was undertaken to determine whether cocoa swollen shoot virus is transmitted by seeds, to improve the robustness of quarantine procedures for international exchange and long term conservation of cocoa germplasm. PCR/capillary electrophoresis, using cocoa swollen shoot virus primers designed from the most conserved regions of the six published cocoa genome sequences, allowed the detectio...

Seaweed extracts have shown profoundly positive effects on crop growth, quality and reproduction in diverse agricultural horticultural crops. can be used to promote the rooting growth of cuttings perennial fruit species like kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa). In this study, were treated with 1, 5, 10 50% solutions G Sap (Gracilaria edulis), K (Kappaphycus alvarezii), AN (Ascophyllum nodosum), EM ...

Plants were regenerated from encapsulated shoot tips of pointed gourd. Shoot tips isolated from multiple shoot cultures of AM-8 and AM-15 cultivars of pointed gourd were encapsulated in sodium alginate beads. For germination and shoot proliferation, encapsulated shoot tips (artificial seed) were cultured in MS basal medium containing different concentrations and combinations of BAP and NAA. Use...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Forest tree saplings that grow in the understorey undergo frequent changes in their light environment to which they must adapt to ensure their survival and growth. Crown architecture, which plays a critical role in light capture and mechanical stability, is a major component of sapling adaptation to canopy disturbance. Shade-adapted saplings typically have plagiotropic stems...