In most sheet-metal forming processes a large part of the deforming material exhibits stretch-dominant characteristics and the bending effect is found to exist only in a limited portion of the total deforming region. Thus the use of shell or continuum elements for the whole region is not economic. A selective membrane/shell (M/S) scheme is proposed which combines the layered degenerated shell e...

We report a hydrothermal synthesis method for MgO shell coatings directly onto the surface of ZnO nanowire arrays. The entire process can be carried out below 100 °C. The MgO shells are produced by the addition of 10 mM magnesium nitrate with 0.2 M sodium hydroxide in water, resulting in a shell thickness of up to 8 nm, verified by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The viability...

In this paper, simulation and analysis of thin steel cylindrical shells with elliptical cutouts under oblique loading were studied using finite element method. First, the numerical results were validated by the results of experimental test performed by an INSTRON 8802 servo hydraulic machine. Also, the effect of cutout angle (θ), cutout size, cutout position (L0/L) and cutout aspect ratios (b/a...

The present paper provides a semi-analytical solution to obtain the displacements and stresses in a functionally graded material (FGM) rotating thick cylindrical shell with clamped ends under non-uniform pressure. Material properties of cylinder are assumed to change along the axial direction according to a power law form. It is also assumed that the Poisson’s ratio is constant. Given the exist...

A Galerkin finite element method for the membrane elasticity problem on a meshed surface is constructed by using two-dimensional elements extended into three dimensions. The membrane finite element model is established using the intrinsic approach suggested by Delfour and Zolésio [8].

There is a strong need, in surgical simulations, for physically based deformable model of thin or hollow structures. The use of shell theory allows to have a well-founded formulation resulting from continuum mechanics of thin objects. However, this formulation asks for second order spatial derivatives so requires the use of complex elements. In this paper, we present a new way of building the i...

We consider the 9-node shell element referred to as the MITC9 shell element in plate bending solutions and present a simplified mathematical analysis. The element uses bi-quadratic interpolations of the rotations and transverse displacement, and the “rotated Raviart-Thomas” interpolations for the transverse shear stresses. A rigorous mathematical analysis of the element is still lacking, even f...