Tests of deep concrete beams with internal fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement have shown that such members can exhibit lower shear strength than members with conventional steel reinforcement. To model this effect, the current paper proposes an approach based on a two-parameter kinematic theory (2PKT) for conventional deep beams. The 2PKT is built on a kinematic model with two degrees ...

We experimentally investigate shear thickening in dense granular suspensions under oscillatory shear. Directly imaging the suspension-air interface, we observe dilation beyond a critical strain γc and the end of shear thickening as the maximum confining stress is reached and the contact line moves. Analyzing the shear profile, we extract the viscosity contributions due to hydrodynamics ηh, dila...

Pulsatile flow of blood through mild stenosed narrow arteries is analyzed by treating the blood in the core region as Casson fluid and the plasma in the peripheral layer as Newtonian fluid. Perturbation method is used to solve the coupled implicit system of non-linear differential equations. The expressions for velocity, wall shear stress, plug core radius, flow rate and resistance to flow are ...

The rheological characteristics of one mineral oil and two ionic liquid (IL) based lubricating greases were explored as a function of thickener concentration. The ILs used are 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([BMIM][TFSI]) and trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([P6,6,6,14][TFSI]), with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) particles used as t...

In patients with borderline hypertension, total peripheral resistance (TPR) is either elevated or abnormally related to cardiac output. Since blood viscosity is one determinant of TPR, we compared various components of blood viscosity in 25 patients with borderline hypertension and 25 normal subjects. Under all experimental blood flow conditions examined, blood viscosity directly correlated wit...

The unsteady and incompressible flow of non-Newtonian fluid through composite stenosis is investigated in the present study. The micropolar fluid is treated as a blood flow model. Mild stenosis and slip velocity are also taken into account. The governing equations are given in cylindrical coordinates system. Analytic solutions of velocity and volumetric flow flux are developed interms of modifi...

We have identified two distinct mechanisms initiating the adhesion of flowing platelets to thrombogenic surfaces. The intergrin alpha IIb beta 3 promotes immediate arrest onto fibrinogen but is fully efficient only at wall shear rates below 600-900 s-1, perhaps because of a relatively slow rate of bond formation or low resistance to tensile stress. In contrast, glycoprotein Ib alpha binding to ...

In impaction grafting of contained bone defects after revision joint arthroplasty the graft behaves as a friable aggregate and its resistance to complex forces depends on grading, normal load and compaction. Bone mills in current use produce a distribution of particle sizes more uniform than is desirable for maximising resistance to shear stresses. We have performed experiments in vitro using m...

We experimentally investigate shear thickening in dense granular suspensions under oscillatory shear. Directly imaging the suspension-air interface, we observe dilation beyond a critical strain γc and the end of shear thickening as the maximum confining stress is reached and the contact line moves. Analyzing the shear profile, we extract the viscosity contributions due to hydrodynamics ηh, dila...