The embryonic neural stem cell compartment is characterised by rapid proliferation from E11 to E16.5, high endogenous DNA double-strand break (DSB) formation and marked sensitivity to undergo apoptosis. Here, we ask whether DSBs arise in the adult neural stem cell compartments, the sub-ventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampal dentate gyr...

Hippocampal neurogenesis in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of dentate gyrus (DG) occurs throughout life and is regulated by pathological and physiological processes. The role of oxidative stress in hippocampal neurogenesis and its response to exercise or neurodegenerative diseases remains controversial. The present study was designed to investigate the impact of oxidative stress, treadmill exercise...

The embryonic neural stem cell compartment is characterised by rapid proliferation from embryonic day (E)11 to E16.5, high endogenous DNA double-strand break (DSB) formation and sensitive activation of apoptosis. Here, we ask whether DSBs arise in the adult neural stem cell compartments, the sub-ventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and the sub-granular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampal ...

A previous animal study has shown the effects of erythropoietin (EPO) and its non-erythropoietic carbamylated derivative (CEPO) on neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus. In the present study, we sought to investigate the effect of EPO on adult hippocampal neurogenesis, and to compare the ability of EPO and CEPO promoting dendrite elongation in cultured hippocampal neural progenitor cells. Two-month...

Neural stem cells have the capacity to self-renew, proliferate, and give rise to lineage-restricted neuronal and/or glial progenitor cells and postmitotic specialized daughter cells. Neural progenitor cells located in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus (DG) give rise to immature neurons. These then migrate to the granule cell layer, where they differentiate into granule neurons tha...

In the mammalian brain, neurogenesis constitutively occurs in the subventricular zone (SVZ), the olfactory bulb, and the hippocampus throughout adulthood (Kuhn et al., 1996; Lois and Alvarez-Buylla, 1993; Gage, 2000; Pagano et al., 2000; Gritti et al., 2002), and adult hippocampal neurogenesis plays an important role in learning and memory (Deng et al., 2010). In the hippocampus, multipotent ne...

Adult hippocampal neurogenesis occurs in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the mouse hippocampus, and plays roles in learning and memory progresses. In amyloid precursor protein (APP)/presenilin 1 (PS1) transgenic mice, a rodent model of Alzheimer's disease (AD), severe impairment of neurogenesis in the dentate subgranular zone (SGZ) of the DG has been reported. Osthole, an active constituent of Cnidiu...

Background, alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with deteriorating memory loss in the aged population. Currently, its exact pathogenesis remains elusive. Some studies have shown that soluble oligomeric Aβ (β-amyloid), inducing hyperphosphorylation of tau, may be the initial link to AD pathogenesis. However, it is poorly known how Aβ influences tau phosphorylation...

There is no consensus about the effects of protein restriction on neurogenesis and behavior. Here, for the first time, we evaluated the effects of protein restriction during gestation and lactation, on the two major neurogenic regions of the adult brain, the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampal dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone (SVZ), simultaneously. We also assessed different type...

Valproic acid (VPA) is commonly prescribed as an anticonvulsant and mood stabilizer used in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder. A recent study has demonstrated that VPA reduces histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, an action which is believed to contribute to the effects of VPA on neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation which may explain the cognitive impairments produced ...