B ilirubin can cross the blood-brain barrier, especially when plasma concentrations are high and in neonates. Bilirubin is toxic and can lead to irreversible brain damage, signs of neurologic disease, and coma, which is called “kernicterus.” The most important cause of clinical icterus in equine neonates is neonatal isoerythrolysis (NI), an alloimmune disease characterized by immune-mediated he...

Background: The readmission rate for neonatal jaundice has been increased in recent years. This has been attributed to shorter length of postpartum hospital stays without comprehensive follow-up. The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of pre-discharge transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) levels for prediction of subsequent hyperbilirubinemia in healthy term neonates. Metho...

Background: Hyperbilirubinemia is a common problem in neonates that affects approximately 60% of term neonates and 80% of pre-term neonates in the first week of life. Newborns, due to prematurity of the liver and digestive tract, could not eliminate bilirubin quickly. This phenomenon leads to hyperbilirubinemia and jaundice during the first days of the birth. Because indirect bilirubin is toxi...

1 Associate Professor, RMMCH 2 Post Graduate, RMMCH Abstract Background: Neonatal jaundice is one of the common newborn illness for which existing therapies are not only costly, time-consuming but also has some inherent risks. Phototherapy duration can be reduced by adding zinc salts. Uunconjugated bilirubin in the intestine (bilirubin and zinc can form a complex in physiologic pH) is precipita...

BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been reported as a coinfection with hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis D virus (HDV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). CASE REPORT A 34-year-old female presented to our clinic with epigastric pain and severe acute hepatitis manifested as jaundice associated with hyperbilirubinemia, elevated transaminases, and coagulopathy. The...

Severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (SNH) and the onset of bilirubin encephalopathy and kernicterus result in part from delayed expression of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) and the inability to metabolize bilirubin. Although there is a good understanding of the early events after birth that lead to the rapid increase in serum bilirubin, the events that control delayed expression of UGT...

Six cases of severe jaundice and encephalopathy due to falciparum hepatitis initially diagnosed as fulminant hepatic failure are reported. This rare presentation of falciparum malaria should be suspected in patients with persistent fever, jaundice, encephalopathy and hepatomegaly. The diagnosis should be further suspected when the liver function tests show a predominantly conjugated hyperbiliru...

Late preterm gestation is an important risk factor for the development of severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and kernicterus. An exaggerated hepatic immaturity contributes to the greater prevalence, severity, and duration of neonatal jaundice in late preterm infants. Breast milk feeding is almost uniformly present and large for gestational age status, male sex, and G6PD deficiency are over-repr...