A method is described for the determination of nitrazepam and its reduced product in blood serum and urine. The metabolite, the reduced product, is the principal substance to be encountered in these fluids. A method is also described for the determination of librium (and the lactam) in urine.

Human neutrophils by a chemiluminescence assay exhibit diminished phagocytic activity in the presence of abnormally high levels of the serum metabolite acetoacetate. These findings, along with our previous evidence demonstrating myeloperoxidase inhibition by acetoacetate, implicate metabolic ketosis in the inhibition of neutrophil microbicidal activity and thus in increased susceptibility to in...

The penetration of albendazole sulphoxide, the principal metabolite of albendazole into hydatid cysts (E granulosus) was measured by means of in vitro animal and clinical studies. The drug freely diffuses across the parasitic membranes. Cyst/serum concentrations of 22% were achieved in patients, longer pre-operative therapy produced higher concentrations.

OBJECTIVE: This study was carried out to determine the serum metabolite antioxidants concentration(Vitamins C and E and other cofactors such as zinc and iron) serving as indicesand correlated with the anti-microsomal antibody level, which is one of the markers and causes of infertility

Idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a common cause of chronic gastrointestinal (GI) disease in dogs. The combination of an underlying host genetic susceptibility, an intestinal dysbiosis, and dietary/environmental factors are suspected as main contributing factors in the pathogenesis of canine IBD. However, actual mechanisms of the host-microbe interactions remain elusive. The aim of...

BACKGROUND Serum metabolites are associated cross-sectionally with kidney function in population-based studies. METHODS Using flow injection and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry methods, we examined longitudinal associations of baseline concentrations of 140 metabolites and their 19 460 ratios with kidney function decline and chronic kidney disease (CKD) incidence over 7 years i...

Human embryonic stem (ES) cells have been proposed as a renewable source of pluripotent cells that can be differentiated into various cell types for use in research, drug discovery and in the emerging area of regenerative medicine. Exploitation of this potential will require the development of ES cell culture conditions that promote pluripotency and a normal cell metabolism, and quality control...

BACKGROUND Metabolomics is an emerging field with the potential to advance nutritional epidemiology; however, it has not yet been applied to large cohort studies. OBJECTIVES Our first aim was to identify metabolites that are biomarkers of usual dietary intake. Second, among serum metabolites correlated with diet, we evaluated metabolite reproducibility and required sample sizes to determine t...

BACKGROUND Plasma and serum indices of monoaminergic activity reflect partly the illness of schizophrenia (e.g. HVA/deficit syndrome) and sometimes the symptoms (e.g. HVA/anhedonia). But, such studies have rarely taken both metabolites and parent amines or inter-amine activity ratios into account. We hypothesized that comparing the major symptom dimensions to measures of transmitter activity (w...