AIMS d-Serine (d-Ser), a co-agonist of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), is effective for treating schizophrenia. The present study investigated changes in plasma and striatal d-Ser levels in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats after intraperitoneal d-Ser administration alone or together with nicergoline (Nic), a commercial cerebral ameliorating drug, using in vivo microdialysis (MD) to explore the f...

Influx ofd-aspartate (d-Asp),l-glutamate (l-Glu), and serine (Ser) across the brush-border membrane of the intact mucosa from rabbit ileum has been examined. l-Glu influx is chloride independent and completely sodium dependent.d-Asp andl-Glu share a transport system with a maximum transport rate of 1 μmol ⋅ cm-2 ⋅ h-1and an apparent affinity constant ( K ½) of ∼0.3 mM. The function of this tran...

Serine/threonine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) is an important negative modulator of insulin signaling. Previously, we showed that glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) phosphorylates IRS-1 at Ser(332). However, the fact that GSK-3 requires prephosphorylation of its substrates suggested that Ser(336) on IRS-1 was the "priming" site phosphorylated by an as yet unknown prot...

The antigenic compositions of two additional Salmonella serotypes isolated from the feces of man were determined to be 58:a:- and 44:Z(36), Z(38)-.

Keratins 8/18 (K8/18) are phosphoglycoproteins and form the major intermediate filament network of simple epithelia. The three O-GlcNAcylation (Ser(29), Ser(30), and Ser(48)) and two phosphorylation (Ser(33) and Ser(52)) serine sites on K18 are well characterized. Both of these modifications have been reported to increase K18 solubility and regulate its filament organization. In this report, we...

BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by a hyperandrogenic state and frequently develops skeletal muscle insulin resistance. We determined whether testosterone adversely affects insulin action by increasing serine phosphorylation of IRS-1(636/639) in differentiated rat skeletal muscle myotubes. The phosphorylation of Akt, mTOR, and S6K, downstream targets of the PI3-kinas...

Peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase (PAM), a bifunctional enzyme, catalyzes the COOH-terminal amidation of bioactive peptides. In test tube assays, PAM is phosphorylated by protein kinase C at Ser(937). The roles of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of Ser(937) in the biosynthetic and endocytic trafficking of integral membrane PAM were examined using an antiserum specific for the ...

The activity of the Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV/Gr (CaMKIV/Gr) is shown to be strictly regulated by phosphorylation of three residues both in vitro and in response to antigen receptor-mediated signaling in lymphocytes. One residue, Thr-200, is indispensable for enhancement of Ca/calmodulin-dependent basal activity by CaMKIV/Gr kinase. This event requires Ca/calmodulin in the full-...

Phosphorylation of cardiac myosin binding protein-C (MyBP-C) modulates cardiac contractile function; however, the specific roles of individual serines (Ser) within theM-domain that are targets for b-adrenergic signaling are not known. Recently, we demonstrated that significant accelerations in in vivo pressure development following b-agonist infusion can occur in transgenic (TG) mouse hearts ex...

To determine the impact of B cell leukemia/lymphoma (BCL) 10 on the phosphorylation of crucial mediators in NF-κB-mediated inflammatory pathways, human colonic epithelial cells were exposed to carrageenan (CGN), a sulfated polysaccharide commonly used as a food additive and known to induce NF-κB nuclear translocation by both canonical and noncanonical pathways. Phosphorylations of intermediates...