Digital radiographic flat-panel detectors may operate with direct or indirect manners of converting x-ray photon energy into spatial energy signals. Advances in both technologies have led to radiographic work areas that are faster and lend toward lower patient radiation doses. Superior image quality with an abundance of post-processing capabilities is a benefit as well. Whether based on amorpho...

The goal of the present study is to develop a liquid scintillator-based 3D detector and investigate its performance for beam range measurements in real time. The detector design consists of a tank filled with water-equivalent liquid scintillator that scintillates in response to incident proton beams. Three scientific complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (sCMOS) cameras collect the resulting ...

A new miniature interferometer has recently been developed for monitoring the changes of film thickness and refractive index, wherein a semiconductor laser and a photodiode detector are integrated to form a laser/detector hybrid. The laser light is collimated by a lens. When the laser light hits a film, it is reflected twice by the two interfaces between the film and the surrounding mediums. Th...

The hybrid structure of solid-state pixel detector has a semiconductor sensor that converts the X-ray photons to electric pulses, and an electronics chip that processes and stores the signals. The signals are transferred from the sensor chip to the electronic chip through metallic bump bonds, one per pixel. Image quality parameters have to be assessed in order to estimate the imaging capabiliti...

The development of room temperature infrared (IR) detectors for wavelengths beyond NIR will open up many applications that are currently limited due to cooling requirements. Three approaches are discussed, which show promise for room temperature IR detection. Tunneling quantum dot (QD) detector, utilizes a tunneling barrier in order to block the dark current while permitting the photocurrent to...

We report on the construction of a new laser test stand equipped with a 1064nm pulsed infrared YAG laser for simulating the passage of a charged particle in a silicon detector. The standard semiconductor repairing tool, the socalled laser-cutter, has been modified to have a newly developed optics which has the ability to reduce the light by the order of 106~108 and to adjust the spot size to se...

The maturation in fabrication technologies of semiconductor integrated circuits results in rapidly shrinking technology node and aggressive scaling of voltage causes an increase in the probability of soft errors in advanced CMOS digital logic circuits. Many attempts to mitigate the soft errors ensue in significant cost penalties in terms of area, power and performance. The proposed method inten...

Thallium bromide (TlBr) is a promising semiconductor detector material due to its high atomic number (Tl: 81, Br: 35), high density (7.56 g/cm 3) and wide band gap (2.68 eV). Current TlBr detectors suffer from polarization, which causes performance degradation over time when high voltage is applied. A 4.6-mm thick TlBr detector with pixellated anodes made by Radiation Monitoring Devices Inc. wa...

We propose a differential-type complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) sub-terahertz (THz) detector with a subthreshold preamplifier. The proposed detector improves the voltage responsivity and effective signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) using the subthreshold preamplifier, which is located between the differential detector device and main amplifier. The overall noise of the detector for the T...

The objective of this study was to develop a new practical method to reconstruct a high-quality panoramic image in which radiographers would be free from the onerous task of correctly locating the patient's jaws within the image layer of the panoramic unit. In addition, dentists would be able to freely select any panoramic plane to be reconstructed after the acquisition of the raw scan data. A ...