This article is based on a n extensive report with the same title and available from the Univenity oj Toronto Puljo &Paper Centre. referred to as pulp) used in the manufacture of a variety of paper products. The chemicals assessed in this report include chlorination derivatives of 10 compounds (oleic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid, beta-sitosterol, stigmasterol, prenols, squalene, phenol, ca...

Laser desorption laser-induced fluorescence ~LD-LIF! detection of GeCl was used to determine in situ the surface coverage of chlorine during the etching of germanium by Cl2 in an inductively coupled plasma ~ICP! reactor. The ICP operated in the dim mode for radio frequency ~rf! power &350 W and in the bright mode for higher powers. The etch rate was 3.5 mm/min with 540 W rf power and 240 V subs...

Clinical studies have documented the promotion of respiratory ailments (e.g., asthma) among swimmers, especially in indoor swimming pools. Most studies of this behavior have identified trichloramine (NCl3) as the causative agent for these respiratory ailments; however, the analytical methods employed in these studies were not suited for identification or quantification of other volatile disinfe...

This study analysed the spatial and temporal occurrence of 29 disinfection by-products (DBPs) formed by chlorination chloramination.

Chlorination of drinking water is a common practice, used by numerous municipalities in the United States (US) to safeguard their water supplies. However, the chlorine used can chemically react with organic components in the drinking water to produce unwanted chlorination by-products. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the use of granular activated carbon produced from nutshell...

Anti-cancer drugs are an important class of pharmaceutical products. Methotrexate (MTX) is a folic acid antagonist used in high doses as antimetabolite in anti-cancer treatment as well as in low doses for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and adults' psoriasis. In the past, several anti-cancer drugs, including methotrexate, have been found in the environment. Their presence in water, especi...

Abstract This study experimentally demonstrates the potential of co-chlorination as a green process alternative to conventional independent chlorination polyolefins, which involves use non-environment-friendly solvents like carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ). Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) was used representative polymer in this and co-chlorinated with paraffin. Apart from being reactant, paraffin ...

A kinetic model of hydrolysis, chlorination and dehydrochlorination involving epichlorohydrin glycidol, covering a broad range temperature pH, was developed.