BACKGROUND Evidence-based approaches are requisite in evaluating public health programmes. Nowhere are they more necessary than physical activity interventions where evidence of effectiveness is often poor, especially within hard to reach groups. Our study reports on the quality of the evaluation of a government funded walking programme in five 'Walking Cities' in England. Cities were required ...

background and objective: malnutrition is a very common clinical disorder risk factor in elderly people, which is not diagnosed in most cases and, therefore, remains untreated. the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of malnutrition in free-living elderly people and its relationship with socioeconomic factors (sef) in the elderly subjects in khorasan razavi province, iran. m...

The ability of animals to monitor their own cognitive processes is called metacognition. In this issue of Neuron, Middlebrooks and Sommer (2012) show that single-unit activity of SEF neurons exhibit a metacognitive signal while monkeys perform a postdecision wagering task.

In this paper, we show that if a partially ordered set has 2n elements and has dimension n, then it is isosnorphic to the set of n-l element subsets and lelement subsets of a sef, ordered by inclusion, or else it has six elements and is isomorphic to a partially ordered b;i we call the chevron or to its dual.

With widespread deprivation in the education of minors affected by child welfare practices (CWP) last century, individuals often continued a life dominated socio-economic disadvantage. According to course theories, impact disadvantage can accumulate across span, leading worse health later life. However, scientific examination correlates CWP and mediating role factors (SEF) has previously been n...

Abstract Recent studies have demonstrated that cultivar mixtures can reduce aphid plant acceptance and population development. It is still unknown as to which underlying mechanisms may contribute this phenomenon. We investigated the effects of volatile interactions between undamaged barley cultivars on feeding behavior performance in laboratory. Spring ( Hordeum vulgare L.) Salome was exposed v...

Previous studies have shown that the application of selenium (Se) can efficiently mitigate toxic effects cadmium (Cd) on various crops. The objective present work is to decipher mechanisms responsible for efficiency Se against Cd in pepper plants, with respect carbon and nitrogen metabolism. following were analyzed: concentrations anions related this metabolism, such as nitrates, nitrites, ammo...

Primary motor cortex (M1) excitability can be assessed using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and can be modulated by a conditioning electrical stimulus delivered to a peripheral nerve prior to TMS. This is known as afferent facilitation (AF). The aim of this study was to determine whether AF can be induced by digital nerve stimulation and to evaluate the relation between the interstimul...

Focal hand dystonia (FHd) is a recalcitrant, disabling movement disorder, characterized by involuntary co-contractions of agonists and antagonists, that can develop in patients who overuse or misuse their hands. The aim of this study was to document clinical neuromusculoskeletal performance and somatosensory responses (magnetoencephalography) in healthy controls and in FHd subjects with mild ve...