• The rare pit hypothesis predicts that the extensive inter-vessel pitting in large early-wood vessels of ring-porous trees should render many of these vessels extremely vulnerable to cavitation by air-seeding. This prediction was tested in Quercus gambelii. • Cavitation was assessed from native hydraulic conductivity at field sap tension and in dehydrated branches. Single-vessel air injections...

Metastatic breast cancers are still incurable. Characterizing the evolutionary landscape of these cancers, including the role of metastatic axillary lymph nodes (ALNs) in seeding distant organ metastasis, can provide a rational basis for effective treatments. Here, we have described the genomic analyses of the primary tumors and metastatic lesions from 99 samples obtained from 20 patients with ...

The use of biopolymers as a three dimensional (3D) support structure for cell growth is a leading tissue engineering approach in regenerative medicine. Achieving consistent cell seeding and uniform cell distribution throughout 3D scaffold culture in vitro is an ongoing challenge. Traditionally, 3D scaffolds are cultured within tissue culture plates to enable reproducible cell seeding and ease o...

EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVE At the conclusion of this presentation, the participants should be able to recognize seeding as a form of treatment failure in transseptal resection of clival chordomas. OBJECTIVES The purpose is to present a case of implanted metastases in the nasal septum after a transseptal approach for resection of clival chordoma and to compare it with other reported cases in the li...

Statement of Purpose: This study was focused on a collagen/cell mixture seeding method to improve the adhesion and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in tubular porous scaffolds for vascular grafts application. Recently, poly(L-lactide-co-εcaprolactone) (PLCL) copolymers have been applied as a biomaterial for vascular graft due to the high elastic property. We previously repor...

BACKGROUND The main cause of death in medulloblastoma is recurrence associated with leptomeningeal dissemination. During this process, the role of microRNAs (miRs) in the acquisition of metastatic phenotype remains poorly understood. This study aimed to identify the miR involved in leptomeningeal dissemination and to elucidate its biological functional mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS We ana...

We present a semi-automatic approach for stream surface generation. Our approach is based on the conjecture that good seeding curves can be inferred from a set of streamlines. Given a set of densely traced streamlines over the flow field, we design a sketch-based interface that allows users to describe their perceived flow patterns through drawing simple strokes directly on top of the streamlin...

We describe a microfluidic approach to optimize crystallization of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and their solid forms (cocrystals) via crystal seeding. Subsequent on-chip X-ray diffraction is used to verify the crystal from. The microfluidic platform comprises an 8 × 9 well array that enables screening of seeding conditions (dilutions) by metering of API solution or API/cocrystal fo...

BACKGROUND Peritoneal seeding after abdominal surgery is a well known route of metastasis in intra-abdominal solid tumours. Direct mechanical contamination, local peritoneal trauma and subsequent inflammation, postoperative immunosuppression, and laparoscopic surgery are the proposed predisposing factors for this type of metastasis. These factors probably result in enhanced adhesion or growth o...

We have examined the growth of human diploid fibroblasts (WI-38 and IMR90) as a function of initial seeding density and oxygen tension. Cells at young and mid-passage levels were subcultivated in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium with 10% fetal bovine serum at 0.005, 0.01, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1, and 2 X 10(4) cells/cm2. Flasks were equilibrated before and after seeding with 1 of 10 gas mixtures co...