Abstract Almost all participants in free trade agreements (FTAs) exclude at least a few products or sectors from complete tariff removal on the exports of their FTA partners. The positive tariffs that remain within an are often highest countries apply MFN basis. It seems plausible such exclusions may be chosen because domestic producers these viewed as especially vulnerable to competition impor...

Lattice numerical simulations for planar closed random walks and their winding sectors are presented. The frontiers of the random walks and of their winding sectors have a Hausdorff dimension dH = 4/3. However, when properly defined by taking into account the inner 0-winding sectors, the frontiers of the random walks have a Hausdorff dimension dH ≈ 1.77.

This paper presents methods for navigating and localizing mobile robots in a known indoor environment. We introduce a restricted visibility concept called a scannable sector that can aid many existing navigation and localization algorithms. The scannable sectors are based on the physical characteristics of the environment and the limitations of the localization sensors used. We describe a compl...

Denoting the real numbers and the nonnegative integers, respectively, by R and N, let S be a subset of Nn for n = 1, 2, . . ., and f be a mapping from Rn into R. We call f a packing function on S if the restriction f |S is a bijection onto N. For all positive integers r1, . . . , rn−1, we consider the integer sector I(r1, . . . , rn−1) = {(x1, . . . , xn) ∈ Nn | xi+1 6 rixi for i = 1, . . . , n...