background: toxoplasmosis is well known as an important infection in pregnant women. although many serologic methods are available, diagnosis of early toxoplasmosis may be extremely difficult. objective: to detect the toxoplasma igg antibodies developed at the early stage of infection in pregnant women. methods: 225 pregnant women, who were in the 2nd to 4th month of their pregnancy, enrolled i...

background: background and objectives: the biological variation of body mass index (bmi) and waist circumference (wc) with age may vary by gender. the objective of this study was to investigate the functional relationship of anthropometric measures with age and sex.methods: the data were collected from a population-based cross-sectional study of 1800 men and 1800 women aged 20-70 years in north...

background: the reports of a rise in contraceptive practices have not been matched by a similar decrease in population: therefore, there is a need to look into the causes of this discrepancy. the objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of different methods of contraception used by egyptian women, to compare different contraception methods used among various socio-demographic g...

In the current situation, one of the most important issues of dry and semidry areas is the lack of water sources. In this regard, it's necessary to thank of solutions in order to increase productivity and efficiency of water use in agricultural sector; In this regard, various ways have been put forward by the experts and of the most important of them we can refer to participating agronomists in...

In India, where women make up about half of the population, they are guaranteed equal rights under constitution and given priority in national development initiatives. A plethora schemes programmes have been announced. The utilisation various varies based on awareness level access which determined socio economic factors. Hence, researcher, after careful deliberation has opted to analyze welfare...

Gaza’s population suffers from a multitude of problems, including high levels of unemployment, poverty and polluted water sources. Gazan women in particular have to struggle to support their families because of few job options available to them. Many women have business ideas that could bring in revenue. They just lack support and financial backing to get started. In the fourth quarter of 2012,...

background: maintenace and promotion of health are the duties of governments. for suitable resource allocation decisions in health sector, we need measures that combine information on mortality and non-fatal health outcomes. disability adjusted life years (dalys) have above mentioned features.  breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women. it is the first cause of death in 40-44 years ol...