for the first time in the history of logic, afzal al-din al-khunaji has found tautologies and contradictories among the verity and actuality propositions. these have been formalized and investigated in first-order logic and it has been shown that their perpetual truth requires the assumption of ‘the presupposed existence of non-existence.’ in this paper, i investigate the tautologies in second-...

Among other sequences of integers Fibonacci numbers and Lucas are cituated in the central place. In spite great amount literature dedicated to sequences, there still a lot intriguing questions open problems this direction, see, for instance, ''The Quarterly'' journal or materials Biannual International Conference organized by Association.Among Association. We motivated following simple observat...

Third and fourth order convergent methods based on cubic nonpolynomial spline function at midknotes are presented for the numerical solution of a second order two-point boundary value problem with Neumann conditions. Using this spline function a few consistency relations are derived for computing approximations to the solution of the problem. Convergence analysis of these methods is discussed t...

the objective of this study was to determine the relationship between body weight (bw) and heart girth (hg) in sardi and timahdite sheep in order to develop a prediction equation of bw from hg. the data used for this study included 476 records on bw and hg (227 in sardi and 249 in timahdite) collected on males and females of different ages in 33 private farms. the bw and the hg averaged 34.8 ± ...