CMAJ • NOVEMBER 23, 2010 • 182(17) © 2010 Canadian Medical Association or its licensors 1831 We have intuitively known for a long time that poor nutritional status in disease is associated with mor bidity and mortality. Only recently, however, have studies provided evidence of an association between poor nutritional status and prolonged hospital stay, decreased quality of life, and increased mo...

INTRODUCTION We present a comprehensive picture of state requirements and recommendations for body mass index (BMI) and body composition screening of children and explore the association between pediatric obesity prevalence and state screening policies. METHODS Researchers completed telephone interviews with contacts at the departments of education for all 50 states and reviewed state content...

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is considered by many to be the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, the constellation of obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia and hypertension that has been associated with a higher prevalence of NAFLD and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH).1 Most patients with NAFLD are asymptomatic, with many of them suspected to have fatty liv...

Background: Fetal growth restriction is defined as the failure of the fetus to achieve its full growth potential. The present study aimed to investigate the application of first trimester screening in the prediction of small for gestational age (SGA).Methods: This cohort study was conducted on the consecutive and unselected women with singleton pregnancies undergoing routine first-trimester exa...

The aim of screening for prostate cancer is to detect malignancy at an early and potentially treatable stage, thereby increasing the chance of cure. Although serum PSA has been used as a screening test for prostate cancer for over 20 years, the practice is controversial. As a screening test for prostate cancer, PSA lacks sensitivity and specificity for early disease. Furthermore, screening may ...

PURPOSE This study was conducted to investigate the effect that detection of chronic disease via health screening programs has on health behaviors, particularly smoking. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed national health insurance data from 2007 and 2009. Subjects who were 40 years of age in 2007 and eligible for the life cycle-based national health screening program were included. The total s...

SETTING AND OBJECTIVES Young children living with infectious tuberculosis (TB) cases are at high risk of infection and disease, and screening is recommended. This is rarely conducted in resource-limited settings. Identifying children most at risk of infection may be useful for setting practical screening policies. DESIGN Child contacts of smear-positive adult TB patients were invited for Myco...

BACKGROUND The applicability of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in screening of insomnia is demonstrated in various populations. But, the tool has not been validated in a sample of Ethiopians. Therefore, this study aimed to assess its psychometric properties in community dwelling Ethiopian adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS Participants (n = 311, age = 25.5 ± 6.0 years and body mass index...

OBJECTIVE To assess whether changes in the intraovarian vasculature or blood flow impedance can be used to identify potentially malignant masses. DESIGN Open, non-comparative prospective study. SETTING Ovarian screening clinics at King's College Hospital and the Hallam Medical Centre. SUBJECTS 50 Women selected on the basis of their medical history and the result of a previous transvagina...

OBJECTIVE To test if maternal hemodynamics and bioimpedance, assessed at the time of combined screening for PE, are able to identify in the first trimester of gestation normotensive non-obese patients at risk for pre-eclampsia (PE) and/or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). METHODS One hundred and fifty healthy nulliparous non-obese women (body mass index < 30 kg/m2 ) in the first trimest...