Introduction: The key characteristics of positron emission tomography (PET) are its quantitative capability and its sensitivity, which allow the in vivo imaging of biochemical interactions with small amounts of tracer concentrations. Therefore, accurate quantification is important. However, it can be sensitive to several physical factors. The aim of this investigation is the assessment of the e...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the use of hyperspectral X-ray imaging i.e, an imaging modality where spectral information on detected X-rays is available, for the removal of scatter in mammography. Features that suggest the presence of cancer are often low in contrast or small in size and therefore a good image quality is required in order to locate them. Current mammography system...

The evolutionary approach called scatter search is originated from strategies for creating composite decision rules and surrogate constraints. Recent studies demonstrate the practical advantages of these approaches. Scatter search method have recently been investigated optimization technique and alternative of the other Meta heuristic methods. The scatter search is an evolutionary search method...

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess attention problems and intratest scatter (variability) of responses to standardized tests of expressive language by preschool-age children who do (CWS) and do not stutter (CWNS). Method: Participants were 40 preschool-age CWS (30 males) and 46 CWNS (32 males). Between-group comparisons of attention were made using attention subscales of the Child...

Independent verification of the MU settings and dose calculation of IMRT treatment plans is an important step in the IMRT quality assurance (QA) procedure. At present, the verification is mainly based on experimental measurements, which are time consuming and labor intensive. Although a few simplified algorithms have recently been proposed for the independent dose (or MU) calculation, head scat...

The ability of compensators (e.g., bow-tie filters) designed for kV cone-beam computed tomography (CT) to reduce both scatter reaching the detector and dose to the patient is investigated. Scattered x rays reaching the detector are widely recognized as one of the most significant challenges to cone-beam CT imaging performance. With cone-beam CT gaining popularity as a method of guiding treatmen...

In this paper we present a semi-supervised sub-manifold discriminant analysis algorithm. To separate each sub-manifold constructed by each class, we define the within-manifold scatter, between-manifold scatter and total-manifold scatter matrices. The scatter matrices are robust to outlier and diverse-density clusters. Kernelization and direct non-linear embedding are also developed. Experimenta...

ID: 14214 Title: A novel scatter reduction and correction method to improve cone-beam CT (CBCT) image quality Purpose: To develop a novel scatter reduction and correction method to improve the CBCT image quality for IGRT applications. Method and Materials: A one-dimensional grid composed of lead with equal interspacing was positioned between the x-ray source and the imaging object during CBCT a...

OBJECTIVE Scatter correction is an important factor in quantitative SPECT. In this study, we evaluated 2 methods of scatter correction for brain SPECT. The first is based on thresholding the energy spectrum (ES), and the second is based on a modification of the transmission-dependent convolution subtraction (TDCS) method. METHODS SPECT imaging of a skull striatal phantom was performed using a...