Observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) are discussed, with particular emphasis on current ground-based experiments and on future satellite, balloon and interferometer experiments. Observational techniques and the effects of contaminating foregrounds are highlighted. Recent CMB data is used with large scale structure (LSS) data to constrain cosmological parameters and the compleme...

3 10 6 arcseconds Angular size of a 10 M Schwarzschild black hole in M31 0:0002 arcseconds Typical VLBA resolution at 43 GHz 0:0005 arcseconds Person on the Moon 0:001 arcseconds Typical VLBI resolution 0:001 arcseconds Typical gravitational microlensing image angular separation 0:0015 arcseconds Hipparcos satellite astrometric positional accuracy 0:04 arcseconds Hubble Space Telescope FOC opti...

Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) is seeing renewed interest for its ability to support future aviation navigation and surveillance needs. It is one of the primary technologies being examined by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Alternative Positioning, Navigation and Timing (APNT) project to support needs to provide an alternative to global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) in the N...

BACKGROUND Adequate muscle fibre perfusion is critical for the maintenance of muscle mass; it is essential in the rapid delivery of oxygen, nutrients and growth factors to the muscle, stimulating muscle fibre growth. Muscle fibre capillarization is known to decrease substantially with advancing age. However, whether (relative) low muscle fibre capillarization negatively impacts the muscle hyper...

Given the initial position and velocity of an object, such as a satellite in orbit around the Earth, it is possible to determine its position and velocity at any other time by integrating the equations of motion. This prediction method is called propagating. Specifying the position and velocity of the satellite at a specific time, called the epoch, is a common way of representing an orbit. In t...

satellite data have been used for temperature modeling both in urban areas and water. this paperstudies viability of aster satellite images that provide high spatial and spectral resolution to model watersurface temperature, as a fundamental water quality parameter. this study is focused on dez dam reservoirresiding in khuzestan province, south west of iran. after the image corrections required...

Definition Global Positioning System a.k.a. GPS is a navigational system involving satellites and computers that can determine location (latitude, longitude and altitude) of any point on Earth. The satellite transmits signals which are received on earth by relatively inexpensive receiving device. By calculating the distance between four or more satellites and a receiver, a three-dimensional pos...

Satellite ATM networks have significant advantages over terrestrial ATM networks. Satellites provide unique advantages such as remote coverage with rapid deployment, distance insensitivity, bandwidth on demand, immunity to terrestrial disasters, and offering broadband links, Satellite ATM networks will play an important role in the rapidly evolving information infrastructure. However, there are...