This paper examined a set of over two thousand crypto-coins observed between 2015 and 2020 to estimate their credit risk by computing probability death. We employed different definitions dead coins, ranging from academic literature professional practice; alternative forecasting models, scoring models machine learning time-series-based models; horizons. found that the choice coin-death definitio...

this paper studies two ancient seasonal festivals which were celebrated on summer and winter solstices. because of misconceptions regarding sasanian calendar, these two festivals, known as ābrīzgān and āḍarjašn, have remained unnoticed in modern researches. a sound interpretation of the old iranian calendar as described by biruni would uncover the true character of these festivals. this paper d...

The largest ensemble of qubits which satisfy the general transformation of equal superposition is obtained by different methods, namely, linearity, no-superluminal signalling and non-increase of entanglement under LOCC. We also consider the associated quantum random walk and show that all unitary balanced coins give the same asymmetric spatial probability distribution. It is further illustrated...

Deductive reasoning Deductive reasoning is reasoning from the general to the specific. It is what we colloquially think of as "logic". A deductive inference is a judgment or generalization based on axioms or assumptions. For example, if two coins are assumed perfectly balanced then one can conclude that the mean number of heads of tossing these two coins must be one. The deductive generalizatio...

This paper has described use of different types of planar electromagnetic sensors to test integrity of currency coins from several different countries. Three types of planar electromagnetic sensors, Mesh, Meander and Interdigital configuration have been used for testing. An effective method to test the integrity of coins using these three types of sensors has been explored. Finite Element model...

We consider the problem of locating a light coin out of a set containing n coins, n ? 1 of which have the same weight. The weighing device is a balance with r 2 pans and, when r equally sized subset of coins are weighted, it indicates the eventual subset containing the light coin. We give an algorithm to nd the counterfeit coin that requires the minimum possible average number of weighings. All...

silver coins of alexander of macedonia, until the arrival of parthians in the 1st century bc, have been put in wdxrf in order to determin ag, cu, pb and au as major and trace elements for fineness, debasement and refinement of silver in ancient persia. seleucid kingdom from 4th to 1st century bc was succeeded by several dynasties and kings. but the chemical composition of their silver coins an...

We consider the problem of finding edges of a hidden weighted graph using a certain type of queries. Let G be a weighted graph with n vertices. In the most general setting, the n vertices are known and no other information about G is given. The problem is finding all edges of G and their weights using additive queries, where, for an additive query, one chooses a set of vertices and asks the sum...

Last time we introduced the notion of interactive proof systems which models computation as a result of interaction between two parties. We defined public/private coin protocols, and showed that the graph non-isomorphism problem admits an interactive proof using private coins, as well as one using public coins. Today we will continue our discussion of interactive proof systems. We will study th...