Seaports are key locations within value chains and production networks. Port policies of national and local governments seek higher rents through strategies of specialisation or diversification. Elaborating on longstanding research about urban and regional development, this paper proposes an empirical investigation of the interplay between traffic variety and port performance. The analysis of t...

Both annual biomass production and biodiversity at any locality on earth are continually under threat as the population of Homo sapiens steadily increases, with the resultant pollution of atmosphere, soil and water. Today, environmental degradation and global warming (with its effect on evaporative aerodynamics and cellular respiration) have increased at an alarming rate. The ABP of all terrest...

We investigate how differences in set-up costs of various types affect the trade-off between global efficiency and spatial equity and show that the standard assumption of symmetry in fixed costs masks the existence of an interesting effect: the range of available varieties varies depends on the spatial distribution of firms. In such a setting, even when the market outcome leads to excessive agg...

Many adolescents in Sweden speak Swedish with what appears to be a foreign accent. Whereas some people perceive their way of speaking Swedish as the result of imperfect or incomplete learning of Swedish, others argue that they speak a new variety of Swedish. In this paper, several arguments of anecdotal character are tested experimentally in order to investigate whether or not a new variety of ...

The pawpaw [Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal, Annonaceae] tree produces the largest edible tree fruit native to the United States (Darrow 1975; Layne 1996). This fruit, known commonly as the “poor man’s banana,” may reach up to 1 kg in size. Pawpaws grow wild in the mesic hardwood forests of 26 states in the eastern United States, ranging from northern Florida to southern Ontario (Canada) and as far ...

“Yesterday the S&P500 went up by 3%”. Is this number telling all the story if half the stocks went up 5% and half went down 1%? Surely one can do a little better and give two figures, the average and the dispersion around this average, that two of us have recently christened the variety [1]. Call ri(t) the return of asset i on day t. The variety V(t) is simply the root mean square of the stock ...

Boundary logic is a formal diagrammatic system that combines Peirce's Entitative Graphs with Spencer Brown's Laws of Form. Its conceptual basis includes boundary forms composed of non-intersecting closed curves, voidsubstitution (deletion of irrelevant structure) as the primary mechanism of reduction, and spatial pattern-equations that define valid transformations. Pure boundary algebra, free o...

this paper aims to share industry experience in managing the reuse and variability in the industry and to analyze the linkage between this topic and system engineering. Reuse and variability management are two faces of the same coin and strongly influence business performance. Hard products industries (where mechanical and structural engineering were historically dominant) and soft systems indu...