International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 353 (29 November 2014–29 January 2015) drilled six sites in the Bay of Bengal, recovering 4280 m of sediments during 32.9 days of on-site drilling. Recovery averaged 97%, including coring with the advanced piston corer, half-length advanced piston corer, and extended core barrel systems. The primary objective of Expedition 353 is to recons...

The brackish Baltic Sea is a marginal environment for both marine and freshwater species. The rate of ecological differentiation is presumably high due to strong selection pressure from a gradient of decreasing salinity that has been present in its current state for only about 3 000 years. Even more recently, increased nutrient loading due to human activities has affected the growth rate of spe...

This study aimed to investigate the influence of increasing salinity concentrations on some indicators of energy consumption such as dissolved oxygen consumption, the consumed energy, as well as the levels of blood glucose in Carassius auratus (Goldfish), because of their direct relation with the metabolism rates when fish are exposed to exertion. Fish with an average weight of 37.5+2.5 g were ...

Although alfalfa is moderately tolerant of salinity, the effects of salinity on nutrient composition and forage parameters are poorly understood. In addition, there are no data on the effect of salinity on the antioxidant capacity of alfalfa. We evaluated four non-dormant, salinity-tolerant commercial cultivars, irrigated with saline water with electrical conductivities of 3.1, 7.2, 12.7, 18.4,...

BACKGROUND The Brunei River and Bay estuarine system (BES) in the northwest of Borneo is acidic and highly turbid. The system supports extensive intertidal mudflats and presents a potentially steep salinity and pH gradient along its length (45 km). Temporal variation in physical parameters is observed diurnally due to seawater flux during tidal forcing, and stochastically due to elevated freshw...

Double diffusion refers to a variety of turbulent processes in which potential energy is released into kinetic energy, made possible the ocean by difference molecular diffusivities between salinity and temperature. Here, we present new method for estimating dissipation rates forced double-diffusive convection using temperature data alone. The estimates up-gradient diapycnal buoyancy flux associ...

to answer this question that if osmopriming improve germination indices in salinity-affected seeds of pinus eldarica medw., a factorial experiment in randomized completely design was carried out with three replications. osmotic treatments were applied in 5 levels (-2, -4, -6 and -8 bar for 72 hours and non-primed) by polyethylene glycol (peg) and salinity treatments in 8 levels (0, 40, 80, 120,...

Spatial measurements of conductivity, temperature and depth were used to study salinity variations along the principal channels of the tidal hypersaline creek network in the vicinity of Bushehr Port, Persian Gulf during three 25- tidal cycles in both warm and cold months. Salinity variations and tidal fluctuations were out of phase throughout the short inverse estuary. The salinity values in...

The diversity of microorganisms active within sedimentary rocks provides important controls on the geochemistry of many subsurface environments. In particular, biodegradation of organic matter in sedimentary rocks contributes to the biogeochemical cycling of carbon and other elements and strongly impacts the recovery and quality of fossil fuel resources. In this study, archaeal diversity was in...

Ecological and evolutionary processes have shaped current biodiversity patterns. For brackish-water ecosystems, Remane’s Artenminimum (‘species minimum’) concept argues that taxonomic diversity in organisms is lowest within the horohalinicum, which occurs at salinity 5 to 8. This concept developed from macrozoobenthos data; it originated from, and is still applied to, the geologically young Bal...