Aim: Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder. The S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B) among the markers of astrocyte activation as well brain damage. Herein, it was aimed to evaluate S100B levels determine whether there relation with severity autism and establish possible causes different results studies in literature from psychiatric biochemical perspective. Material Metho...

OBJECTIVE Studies have shown signs of brain damage caused by different mechanisms in cocaine users. The serum neuron specific enolase and S100B protein are considered specific biochemical markers of neuronal and glial cell injury. This study aimed at comparing blood levels of S100B and NSE in chronic cocaine users and in volunteers who did not use cocaine or other illicit drugs. METHOD Twenty...

Glial cells are traditionally regarded as elements for structural support and ionic homeostasis, but have recently attracted attention as putative integral elements of the machinery involved in synaptic transmission and plasticity. Here, we demonstrate that calcium-binding protein S100B, which is synthesized in considerable amounts in astrocytes (a major glial cell subtype), modulates long-term...

To study the expression of VEGF, MMP-9, EGFR, and S100B in a highly brain metastases sub-clone cell line, PC14/B. The in vitro metastases-related behaviors of PC14 /B cells, such as adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM), migration, and invasion were determined and compared with primary PC14 cells and A549 cells that do not metastasize to brain. The expression of vascular epithelial growth fact...

OBJECTIVE The study aimed to evaluate the pre-treatment and post-treatment oxidant capacity, antioxidant capacity and S100B protein levels in cases of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). METHODS The study included 49 pediatric patients diagnosed with DKA and a control group comprising 49 healthy children. Blood samples were obtained after confirmation of the DKA diagnosis and also after treatment. S...

S100 proteins were first discovered in 1965 by Moore as a major protein fraction (0.6% of total soluble protein) isolated from bovine brain (Moore 1965). The protein was given the name S100 due to its high solubility in saturated ammonium sulfate. Later experiments showed the S100 protein fraction constituted two different dimeric species comprised of two b protomers (S100B) or an a, b heterodi...

Since their identification over 15 years ago, the IQGAP (IQ-motif-containing GTPase-activating protein) family of proteins have been implicated in a wide range of cellular processes, including cytoskeletal reorganization, cell-cell adhesion, cytokinesis and apoptosis. These processes rely on protein-protein interactions, and understanding these (and how they influence one another) is critical i...

Many neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, prion and polyglutamine diseases are caused by gain-of-function mechanisms in which the disease-causing protein accumulates in the form of insoluble protein aggregates or inclusion bodies [1,2]. Whether these aggregated proteins directly cause neurodegeneration is still controversial; however, it is widely believed that soluble for...

The ability of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) to protect preterm infants against perinatal intrauterine herpes virus infection-induced brain injury was studied. In total, 120 women infected with perinatal intrauterine herpes virus were randomized into four groups: A, B, C and D, and were given 1,500 IU (mother, pre-partum), 3,000 IU (mother, pre-partum), 250 IU/kg (infant, post-natal)...

Photoreceptor ROS-GC1, a prototype subfamily member of the membrane guanylate cyclase family, is a central component of phototransduction. It is a single transmembrane-spanning protein, composed of modular blocks. In rods, guanylate cyclase activating proteins (GCAPs) 1 and 2 bind to its juxtamembrane domain (JMD) and the C-terminal extension, respectively, to accelerate cyclic GMP synthesis wh...