CORRESPONDENCE Benefit of folic acid supplementation in parkinsonian patients treated with levodopa We read with interest the recent excellent review by Reynolds on the role of folic acid and the risks and benefits of its supplementa-tion in the nervous system. 1 It emphasises the beneficial importance of folate on the numerous methylation processes in combination with S-adenosylmethionine (SAM...

Purpose Visual impairments are frequent in Parkinson's disease (PD) and impact normal functioning in daily activities. Visual contrast sensitivity is a powerful nonmotor sign for discriminating PD patients from controls. However, it is usually assessed with static visual stimuli. Here we examined the interaction between perception and eye movements in static and dynamic contrast sensitivity tas...

Todas as afirmações efectuadas no presente documento são de exclusiva responsabilidade do seu autor, não cabendo qualquer responsabilidade à Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa pelos conteúdos nele apresentados. Abstract Parkinson´s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease, affecting around 2% of the population with more than 65 year...

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder. Oxidative stress has been associated with the etiology of both sporadic and monogenic forms of PD. The transcription factor Nrf2, a conserved global regulator of cellular antioxidant responses, has been implicated in neuroprotection against PD pathology. However, direct evidence that upregulation of the Nrf2 pathwa...

The aim of our study was to identify and quantify spatiotemporal and kinematic gait parameters obtained by 3D gait analysis (GA) in a group of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients compared with healthy subjects in order to investigate whether early PD patients could present an abnormal gait pattern. Forty-four patients affected by early-stage PD compared with a control group were analyzed. All par...

Objective: Previous studies showed that grape seed extract (GSE) is an excellent natural substance with potent antioxidant effect and free radical scavenger. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of GSE on motor dysfunctions and thalamic local Electroencephalography (EEG) frequency bands' powers in rats with Parkinson's disease (PD). Materials and Methods: In this study 8 µg 6-hydroxydopamin...

Background and Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a movement disorder with debilitating symptoms. Available treatments for PD mainly include its symptomatic relief with no prevention of its progression. Due to the iron-chelating and antioxidant effect of phytic acid (PA), this study was conducted to assess its protective effect in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced model of PD in rat. Materials and ...

UNLABELLED Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder of aging. The pathological hallmark of PD is neuronal inclusions termed Lewy bodies whose main component is alpha-synuclein protein. The finding of these Lewy bodies in the intestinal enteric nerves led to the hypothesis that the intestine might be an early site of PD disease in response to an environmental...

abstract introduction: it is demonstrated that the degree of clinical improvement in parkinson's disease (pd) achieved by deep brain stimulation (dbs) is largely dependent on the accuracy of lead placement. in addition, individual variability in the situation of subthalamic nucleus (stn) is responsible for spatial inter-individual fluctuations of the real patient's target. objective: our study ...

Background and Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease that affects 3% of the population. PD involves a progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and subsequent loss of dopamine. Dopamine depletion leads to movement dysfunction and is accompanied with tremor, rigid muscle...