OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to estimate the proportion of rubella disease in a measles case-based surveillance in Cameroon prior to rubella vaccine introduction into the national immunisation programme. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study for rubella infection in Cameroon for the period 2008 to 2014. SETTING Patients suspected with measles from the 10 regions of Cameroon were re...

This study was conducted to assess clinical and laboratory screening for suspected congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) and to evaluate the efficacy of reporting of CRS cases at the Children’s Hospital and the Institute of Child Health. A total of 100 infants suspected of having rubella infection were included in the study. Rubella titer was used as an indicator. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ...

In the Americas, the Pan American Health Organization supports strategies for the appropriate control and elimination of vaccine-preventable diseases, especially if the strategies are designed to reduce health inequities, strengthen the political commitment for immunization services, and promote the culture of prevention. In September 2003, the 44th Directing Council of the Pan American Health ...

This study was designed to estimate the rubella seroprevalence in unvaccinated Turkish adolescent girls in urban and rural areas of Edirne, and to create preventive strategies for congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). The sample, representing 12- to 17-year-old adolescent girls, consisted of 1,600 subjects selected from school lists by systematic and random sampling, which was matched by age and u...

Teratogenicity ofthe rubella virus for the developing organ systems of the human embryo has been recognized since Gregg's (1941) clinical description of the congenital rubella syndrome and the retrospective epidemiological investigation of the 1940 Australian rubella epidemic by Swan et al. (1943). Pathogenesis, however, remained speculative, as rubella was only of presumed viral etiology. Subs...

Introduction Rubella immunisation was introduced in the UK in 1970 with the aim of preventing congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) by the selective vaccination of schoolgirls and susceptible adult women. An augmented immunisation policy, aimed at eliminating circulating rubella by the mass vaccination of children of both sexes, was adopted in October 1988 with the introduction of the combined meas...

Transplacental transmission of rubella virus leads to Congenital Rubella Syndrome. It is comprised of congenital cardiac defects (most commonly patent ductus arteriosus), cataracts and sensorineural hearing loss. While prematurity and intra uterine growth retardation are frequent accompaniments of congenital rubella syndrome, at times birth weight can be normal. The possibility of fetal anomali...

BACKGROUND Rubella is a viral disease with a worldwide distribution. Mass vaccination campaigns have increased the vaccine coverage in the world with substantial impact on reduction of rubella infections. In Iran, the national measles-rubella campaign, targeting individuals 5-25 years old, was initiated in 2003 and mass childhood vaccination against measles, rubella and mumps has continued ever...

Selective rubella vaccination of schoolgirls commenced in 1971 and was followed by a significant reduction in congenital rubella. Infant vaccination with MMR was introduced in 1989 to interrupt circulation of the virus in young children, and in 1994/95 the adolescent school based rubella vaccination program was changed to MMR for both boys and girls. This report reviews the epidemiology of rube...

This study was designed to determine the age-specific rubella seroprevalence in women of childbearing age in Morocco and to contribute to the development of a rubella vaccination strategy in the country. Of 967 women aged 15-39 years tested in 2000, 161 (16.6%) were susceptible to rubella based on absence of IgG antibodies. A significantly higher rate of susceptibility among women aged 15-19 ye...