Estimating the importance or centrality of the nodes in large networks has recently attracted increased interest. Betweenness is one of the most important centrality indices, which basically counts the number of shortest paths going through a node. Betweenness has been used in diverse applications, e.g., social network analysis or route planning. Since exact computation is prohibitive for large...

This study examined the effect of anti-fat attitude counter-conditioning using positive images of obese individuals participants completed implicit and explicit measures of attitudes towards fatness on three occasions: no intervention; following exposure to positive images of obese members of the general public; and to images of obese celebrities. Contrary to expectations, positive images of ob...

The optimal solution of the multi-constrained QoS multicast routing problem is a tree-like hierarchical structure in the topology graph. This multicast route contains a feasible path from the source node to each of the destinations with respect to a set of QoS constraints while minimizing a cost function. Often, it is a tree. In other cases, the hierarchies can return several times to nodes and...

MOTIVATION A key computational problem in metabolic engineering is finding efficient metabolic routes from a source to a target compound in genome-scale reaction networks, potentially considering the addition of new reactions. Efficiency can be based on many factors, such as route lengths, atoms conserved and the number of new reactions, and the new enzymes to catalyze them, added to the route....

This work reported a high quality photonic crystal film with an ultra-narrow photonic bandgap obtained via a chemical synthetic route. The bandgap is much narrower than that of traditional colloidal crystals, which makes the film qualified for use in optical devices. The narrow PBG originates from not only the high crystallinity and uniform orientations of microcrystals within the film but also...

This paper considers the problem of clustering the vertices of a complete edge-weighted graph. The objective is to maximize the sum of the edge weights within the clusters (also called cliques). This so-called Clique Partitioning Problem (CPP) is NP-complete, and has several real-life applications such as groupings in flexible manufacturing systems, in biology, in flight gate assignment, etc. N...

In this paper, we consider the statistical decision processes behind a linear and a differential cryptanalysis. By applying techniques and concepts of statistical hypothesis testing, we describe precisely the shape of optimal linear and differential distinguishers and we improve known results of Vaudenay concerning their asymptotic behaviour. Furthermore, we formalize the concept of “sequential...

number tags, discriminative responding would be maintained in shift. After the initial shift, Group BA was shifted to the series RRN and NRRN, in which pellets were used as the reinforcer. Finally, confinement time on R trials was decreased from 15 s to 7 s.

Electroanatomical maps (EAMs) are commonly acquired in clinical routine for guiding ablation therapies. They provide voltage and activation time information on a 3D anatomical mesh representation, making them useful for analyzing the electrical activation patterns in specific pathologies. However, they are extremely acquisition dependent and complex, and therefore difficult to quantify and comp...

A high prevalence of iron deficiency was found in apparently healthy Asian immigrant children in Harrow. After excluding children with overtly abnormal red cell indices, Asian and European children had identical haemoglobin values, but Asian children had much lower mean cell volume and mean corpuscular haemoglobin values and higher red blood cell values.