We construct the Navier-Stokes equation from first principle using relativistic bosonic lagrangian which is invariant under local gauge transformations. We show that by defining the bosonic field to represent the dynamic of fluid in a particular form, a general Navier-Stokes equation with conservative forces can be reproduced exactly. It also induces two new forces, one is relevant for rotation...

An array antenna system with innovative signal processing can enhance the resolution of a signal direction of arrival (DOA) estimation. The performance of DOA using estimation signal parameter via a rotational invariant technique is investigated in this paper. The DOA angles are derived from the auto-correlation and cross-correlation matrices. Three matrix estimation methods, (1) temporal avera...

This paper is devoted to the proof of existence q-periodic alternating projections prime knots. The main tool Menasco-Thistlethwaite's Flyping Theorem. Let K be an oriented knot that with q≥3, i.e. admits a rotation order q as symmetry. Then has projection Π(K) such rotational symmetry visualized sphere leaving invariant. As application, we obtain crossing number q≥3 multiple q. Furthermore giv...

‎this contribution mainly focuses on some aspects of lipschitz groups‎, ‎i.e.‎, ‎metrizable groups with lipschitz multiplication and inversion map‎. ‎in the main result it is proved that metric groups‎, ‎with a translation-invariant metric‎, ‎may be characterized as particular group objects in the category of metric spaces and lipschitz maps‎. ‎moreover‎, ‎up to an adjustment of the metric‎, ‎a...

a module is said to be $pi$-extending provided that every projection invariant submodule is essential in a direct summand of the module. in this paper, we focus on direct summands and indecomposable decompositions of $pi$-extending modules. to this end, we provide several counter examples including the tangent bundles of complex spheres of dimensions bigger than or equal to 5 and certain hyper ...

We introduce a time-reversal-symmetric analog of the Hopf insulator that we call spin insulator. The harbors nontrivial Kane-Mele $\Z_2$ invariants on its surfaces, and is first example nonmagnetic delicate topological with spin-orbit coupling. show topology surface generically unstable, but can be stabilized by addition composition particle hole spatial inversion symmetry. Such symmetry not on...

The Brunn-Minkowski theory in convex geometry concerns, among other things, the volumes, mixed and surface area measures of bodies. We study generalizations these concepts to Borel with density Rn– particular, weighted versions volumes (the so-called measures) when dealing up three distinct then formulate analyze classical measures, obtain a new integral formula for measure As an application, w...

This paper describes a new segmentation algorithm for handwritten Arabic characters using Rotational Invariant Segments Features (RISF). The algorithm evaluates a large set of curved segments or strokes through the image of the input Arabic word or subword using a dynamic feature extraction technique then nominates a small “optimal” subset of cuts for segmentation. All the directions of stroke ...

One of the main issues in the Hamiltonian formulation of Yang-Mills theories is to find the projection from the phase space of canonical variables constrained by the non-Abelian Gauss law to the “smaller” phase space of unconstrained gauge invariant coordinates only. Dealing with the problem of the elimination of the pure gauge degrees of freedom two approaches exist, the perturbative and the n...