Shallow basal root growth angle (BRGA) increases phosphorus acquisition efficiency by enhancing topsoil foraging because in most soils, phosphorus is concentrated in the topsoil. Root hair length and density (RHL/D) increase phosphorus acquisition by expanding the soil volume subject to phosphorus depletion through diffusion. We hypothesized that shallow BRGA and large RHL/D are synergetic for ...

[13] K. S. Narendra and L. S. Valavani, “Stable adaptive controller designdirect control,” IEEE Trans. Automat. Contr., vol. 23, pp. 570-583, Aug. 1978. [14] P. Ioannou, “Reply to comments on the robust stability analysis of adaptive controllers using normalizations,” IEEE Trans. Automat. Contr., vol. 35, p. 1184, 1990. [15] P. A. Ioannou and G. Tao, “Frequency domain conditions for strictly po...

BACKGROUND The sequelae of aortic root dilation are the lethal consequences of Marfan syndrome. The root dilation is attributable to an imbalance between deposition of matrix elements and metalloproteinases in the aortic medial layer as a result of excessive transforming growth factor-beta signaling. This study examined the efficacy and mechanism of statins in attenuating aortic root dilation i...

Descriptions of the rich sponge faunas inhabiting mangrove roots at various Caribbean sites are unanimous in pointing out the heterogeneity of species distribution and abundance patterns at all scales, from different portions of a single root to geographic subregions. Abiotic factors have often been implicated by correlation, but ecological interactions, and the life history and morphological c...

an important goal in endodontic treatment. To achieve this goal, the root canal filling must seal the pulp space both apically and laterally to prevent further apical irritation from incomplete elimination of bacterial products.1 In the past, the adequacy of root canal filling procedure was primarily based on its vertical appearance on the dental radiograph and whether the material had reached ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The phenotypic expressivity shows striking variability among individuals with CADASIL (cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy), a small vessel disease caused by mutations in NOTCH3. However, little is known about the factors that underlie this variability. We sought to quantify the contribution of modifying genetic effec...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of local administration of odanacatib (ODN) on orthodontic root resorption and the status of alveolar bone metabolism in rat molars. All specimens were scanned using microcomputed tomography and then the raw images were reconstructed. The total volume of the root resorption craters of the 60 g-NS (normal saline) group was higher than in the 60...

The effect of systemic NGF treatment on loss and shrinkage of dorsal root ganglion cells was studied in adult male rats after permanent axotomy. Nineteen 16 to 18-wk-old rats had their right 5th lumbar spinal nerve ligated and cut approximately 7 mm peripheral to the ganglion. Two days before the operation, treatment with subcutaneous injections of human recombinant NGF (1.0-0.5 mg/kg/day) was ...

Genetic relationships between plant height and root morphology were investigated in a diverse set of wheat germplasm [199 double-haploid progeny derived from a cross between Avalon and Cadenza (Triticum aestivum L.), Rht near-isogenic lines (NILs), and accessions from the Watkins Collection] to investigate whether Rht genes controlling shoot height also control seedling root growth. A germinati...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the root canal preparation in flat-oval canals treated with either rotary or self-adjusting file (SAF) by using micro-tomography analysis. METHODS Forty mandibular incisors were scanned before and after root canal instrumentation with rotary instruments (n = 20) or SAF (n = 20). Changes in canal volume, surface area, and cross-sectional geome...