Introduction: The purpose of this in-vitro study was to compare shaping ability of NiTi rotary Mtwo and FlexMaster with stainless steel hand K-Flexofile in curved root canals of extracted teeth. Materials and Methods: Mesiobuccal canals of 45 mandibular molar teeth were balanced into three groups of 15 each, with respect to the Schneider angle, canal access angle, height, dis-tance and radiu...

Recognition of anatomical variations is a real challenge for clinicians undertaking therapy regardless of the teeth that are to be treated. The extent of the curvature is one of the most important variables that could lead to instrument fracture. In clinical conditions, two curves can be present in the same root canal trajectory. This type of geometry is denoted as the "S" shape, and it is a ch...

introduction: an overlooked but important part of successful root canal treatment is a straight-line access (sla). the purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the efficacy of introfile and prerace rotary instruments with gates glidden (gg) drills in gaining sla by cone-beam computed tomography (cbct). methods and materials: a total of forty five extracted mandibular first molars were sele...

introduction : removal of root filling materials is one of the key steps in success of root canal retreatment. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of h-file and protaper with or without chloroform in the removal of gutta-percha during retreatment of mandibular premolars. materials and methods: sixty mandibular premolars with one canal, and curvatures less than 30 degrees were...

introduction: disinfection and subsequent obturation of the root canal space require adequate mechanical enlargement of the canals. the purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the shaping ability of mtwo, race and medin rotary instruments during the preparation of curved root canals. materials and methods: sixty mesiobuccal root canals of mandibular molars with severe curvatures between 2...

In this work, a new model for macroscopic plant tissue growth based on dynamical Riemannian geometry is presented. We treat 1D and 2D tissues as continuous, deformable, growing geometries for sizes larger than 1mm. The dynamics of the growing tissue are described by a set of coupled tensor equations in non-Euclidean (curved) space. These coupled equations represent a novel feedback mechanism be...