We investigated effects of roll (rotation around line of sight) and pitch (rotation around the horizontal axis) components of retinal flow on heading judgement from visual motion information. It was found that performance level of human observers for yaw (rotation around the vertical axis) plus pitch is little different from that for only yaw although there is bias in perceived heading toward t...

The safety of road vehicles depends on the yaw-roll dynamics. A loss of roll stability results in a rollover accident. Mechanisms to warn against rollover threat and a rollover avoidance control methodology are crucial in designing a successful active safety warning/control system for heavy-duty commercial vehicles. A dynamic rollover metric, Time-To-Rollover (TTR), has become popular in rollov...

This paper is concerned with the determination of nonlinear roll damping moments of ships including similar floating structures. Using the measured motion response data of ship’s roll motion, an inverse problem is formulated for the determination. The problem of damping determination is mathematically involved in a Volterra integral equation of the “first” kind between the roll responses and un...

We not only reconstruct the slow-roll parameters for fit to the running spectral index from WMAP three-year data in the usual slow-roll inflation model and noncommutative inflation model, but also investigate the evolution of these slow-roll parameters. Requiring slow-roll inflation lasts more than 20 e-folds after CMB scales leave the horizon suggests that the potential at the last stage of in...

Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) is an optical method capable of 3D imaging of object's internal structure with micron-scale resolution. Modern SD-OCT tools offer the speed capable of online monitoring of printed devices. This paper demonstrates the use of SD-OCT in a simulated roll-to-roll (R2R) process through monitoring some structural properties of moving screen printed...

We propose a locomotion technique for a legged robot that is high-centered, i.e., a robot stuck on a block with its legs dangling in air. By using its legs as reaction masses, the robot might be able to rock and roll on its stomach and incrementally move forward off the block, a form of legless locomotion using halteres. With locomotion of high-centered robots using body attitude oscillations a...

How does the brain calculate the spatial orientation of the head relative to gravity? Psychophysical measurements are critical to investigate this question, but such measurements have been limited to humans. In non-human primates, behavioral measures have focused on vestibular-mediated eye movements, which do not reflect percepts of head orientation. We have therefore developed a method to meas...

How does the inherent asymmetry of the locomotor system in people with lower-limb amputation affect the ankle-foot roll-over shape of prosthetic walking? In a single-case design, we evaluated the walking patterns of six people with lower-limb amputation (3 transtibial and 3 transfemoral) and three matched nondisabled controls. We analyzed the walking patterns in terms of roll-over characteristi...

A stable autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) is essential for underwater survey activities. Previous studies have associated poor results in bathymetry survey and side-scan imaging with the vehicle’s unwanted roll motion. The problem is becoming more prominent as AUVs are smaller nowadays. This causes reduction in the metacentric height of the AUVs which affects the inherent self-stabilization ...

We show that in the simplest theories of spontaneous symmetry breaking one can have a stage of a fast-roll inflation. In this regime the standard slow-roll condition |m2| ≪ H is violated. Nevertheless, this stage can be rather long if |m| is sufficiently small. Fast-roll inflation can be useful for generating proper initial conditions for the subsequent stage of slow-roll inflation in the very ...