The design of clay plugs used for sealing access galleries to a radioactive waste repository built with concrete structures in a deep clayey formation must take into consideration their chemical evolution over time. Diffusion of an alkaline plume from concrete into bentonite was therefore modeled over a 100,000-year period with the PHREEQC geochemical code in order to determine, as a function o...

abstract geomorphology and soil genesis and its development are closely related. besides, soil-landscape studies provide a better understanding of soil forming processes. the objectives of the present research include soil genesis studies, micromorphology and clay mineralogy of soils related to geomorphic surfaces in jiroft area. soil temperature and moisture regimes of the area are hyperthermi...

Modern technology has been used to build tunnels in recent years by means of drilling machines (TBM) that were used for civil engineering work in large cities to reduce the harmful effects of spending on the surface of the earth significantly. To build the tunnel, numerical modeling was used on the basis of the finite element method to predict stress behavior during the tunnel construction proc...

It is well-known that sediment composition strongly depends on grain size. A number of studies have tried to quantify this relationship focusing on the sand fraction, but only very limited data exists covering wider grain size ranges. Geologists have a clear conceptual model of the relation between grain size and sediment petrograpic composition, typically displayed in evolution diagrams. We ch...

Assemblages of clay minerals are routinely used as proxies for paleoclimatic change and paleoenvironmental conditions in Phanerozoic rocks. However, this tool is rarely applied in older sedimentary units. In this paper, the clay mineralogy of the Doushantuo Formation in South China is documented, providing constraints on depositional conditions of the Ediacaran Yangtze platform that host the ea...

Dorn, R.I., ]990. Quaternary alkalini ty f luctuations recorded in rock varnish microlaminat ions on western U.S.A. volcanics. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol. , Palaeoecol., 76:291 310. Rock varnish contains an a l te rnat ing micron-scale layering of manganese-r ich and manganese-poor microchemical laminations. Holocene varnishes have lower Mn:Fe ratios when exposed to alkaline environments and ...

High hydrogen pressure pyrolysis (hydropyrolysis) was performed on samples of solvent extracted Kimmeridge Clay Formation source rock with a maturity equivalent to ca. 0.35% vitrinite re ̄ectance. We describe the types and distributions of organic nitrogen compounds in the pyrolysis products (hydropyrolysates) using GCMS. Compounds identi®ed included alkyl-substituted indoles, carbazoles, benzoc...

Given shale's potential to serve as both a caprock for geological carbon sequestration and the host nuclear waste disposal, this study focuses on structural characterization around 1.5–3 m thick fault within Opalinus Clay rock petrophysical of core. Seven boreholes were drilled at Mont Terri Rock laboratory in late 2018 constrain orientation so-called ‘Main Fault’ several fracture families core...