We call a distribution on n–bit strings (ε, e)–locally random, if for every choice of e ≤ n positions the induced distribution on e–bit strings is in the L1–norm at most ε away from the uniform distribution on e–bit strings. We establish local randomness in polynomial random number generators (RNG) that are candidate one–way functions. Let N be a squarefree integer and let f1, . . . , f` be pol...

Security and privacy concerns have been growing with the increased usage of the RFID technology in our daily lives. To mitigate these issues, numerous privacy-friendly authentication protocols have been published in the last decade. Random number generators (RNGs) are commonly used in RFID tags to provide security and privacy of RFID protocols. RNGs might be weak spot of a protocol scheme and m...

The use of graphics processing units (GPUs) in simulation applications offers a significant speed gain as compared to computations on central processing units (CPUs). Many simulation methods require a large number of independent random variables generated at each step. We present two approaches for implementation of random number generators (RNGs) on a GPU. In the one-RNG-per-thread approach, o...

Cardiorespiratory fitness has been shown to protect and enhance cognitive and brain functions, but little is known about the cortical mechanisms that underlie these changes in older adults. In this study, functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to investigate variations in oxyhemoglobin [HbO2] and in deoxyhemoglobin [HHb] in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) during the p...

A heated room is numerically analyzed to study thermal comfort. Cold air flowing in from the inlet gets by a heat source (placed just below inlet), before being distributed throughout room. The presence of and high Rayleigh number causes flow be buoyant turbulent. Two RANS based turbulence models, RNG k-ε k-ω SST models are used model Discrete Ordinate (DO) radiation transfer between different ...

The accuracy of stochastic (Monte Carlo) simulations is critically dependent on the quality of their random number generator (RNG). Recently, such simulations are increasingly implemented in a parallel form on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) for higher performance. Fast, high-quality RNGs with periods long enough for extended simulation (e.g., the Mersenne Twister) have been well-proven ...

Two collections of oligonucleotides have been designed for preparing pangenomic human and mouse microarrays. A total of 148,993 and 121,703 oligonucleotides were designed against human and mouse transcripts. Quality scores were created in order to select 25,342 human and 24,109 mouse oligonucleotides. They correspond to: (i) a BLAST-specificity score; (ii) the number of expressed sequence tags ...

The scientific literature is filled with examples of bad random number generators (RNGs), and a bad RNG can completely ruin a researcher’s analysis. See Coddington (1994, 1996) for examples and discussion from the field of physics. Examples from economics are difficult to find, in part, because many economists do not bother to test the RNGs that they use in their applied work. This may be due t...

Fractal injectors can be used to intensify liquid-phase processes. The flow field, vortex structure and turbulent mixing performance induced by fractal with three different dimensions (D = 2, 2.58 3) are investigated. CFD simulations, using a renormalization group (RNG) k-ε turbulence model, validated particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements. formation mechanism of the vortices studied. Bo...