BACKGROUND Diet and exercise are often prescribed as primary intervention regarding obesity-related disorders. Additionally, recent studies have shown beneficial effects of weight loss through diet and exercise in ghrelin concentrations in obese subjects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a 5% weight loss on lipid profile, resting metabolic rate (RMR), and acylated ghrelin (A...

The aim of the present study was: (1) to develop a new method for total energy expenditure (TEE) assessment, using accelerometry (ACC) and heart rate (HR) telemetry in combination; (2) to validate the new method against the criterion measure (DLW) and to compare with two of the most common methods, FLEX-HR and ACC alone. In the first part of the study VO(2), HR and ACC counts were measured in t...

Inflammation and activation of the acute phase response (APR) are energetically demanding processes that protect against pathogens. Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are antigens commonly used to stimulate inflammation and the APR, respectively. We tested the hypothesis that the APR after an LPS challenge was energetically more costly than the inflammatory response after a ...

Resting metabolic rate (RMR) accounts for about two thirds of total energy expenditure. The widely used Harris-Benedict equations systematically overestimate RMR. This study assessed overall reliability and validity of a handheld indirect calorimeter, BodyGem, on a sample of women. Thirty healthy nurses participated in this study with an age of 41.9+/-9.0 years old and a body mass index of 24.0...

The small size and elongate shape of weasels (Mustela nivalis) probably evolved to facilitate movement within the burrow systems of prey species, but result in high energy costs of thermoregulation. In this study we measured metabolic rates of weasels during voluntary locomotion to determine whether energy costs of transport are also high in these unusually shaped mammals. In addition, we measu...

We investigated whether Pekin ducklings (Anas platyrhyncos domesticus) exhibited any energy-saving mechanisms that could lessen the detrimental effects of reduced food intake during early development. Further, we evaluated the role of body compositional changes behind such potential mechanisms and the consequences on thermoregulatory capacity. The ducklings exhibited substantial energy-saving m...

BACKGROUND This study assesses the accuracy of energy intake (EI) reporting and its relation to anthropometric characteristics and sociodemographic factors. In addition, we attempt to identify foods for which under- or over-reporting is more prevalent. METHODS EI was assessed for 187 women using a semi-quantitative 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Resting metabolic rate (RMR) was ...

Little is known about the energy costs of egg production in birds. We showed in previous papers that, during egg production, European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) undergo a 22% increase in resting metabolic rate (RMR) and that the maintenance and activity costs of the oviduct are responsible for 18% of the variation in elevated laying RMR. Therefore, other energy-consuming physiological mechani...

We consider the time complexity of shared-memory mutual exclusion algorithms under the remote-memory-reference (RMR)time measure. In particular, algorithms based on reads, writes, and comparison primitives are considered. For such algorithms,a lower bound of Ω(log N/ log log N) RMRs per critical-section entry has been established in previous work, where N is thenumber of processes. ...

Young, relatively undeveloped sugar gliders Petaurus breviceps have been observed to be left alone in the nest while the mother forages and may be subject to considerable thermal or energetic stress. As no information is available on the development of thermoregulation in this species, which begins reproduction in winter, we measured resting metabolic rate (RMR), body temperature (Tb) and therm...