A two dimensional allaJog of a free-air ionization chamber for the measurement of fi eld distortion was obtained by painting conducting lines on resistance paper to represent cross sections of the electrodes. Guard wires were simulated by driving record p layer needles into the paper . The volume of the chamber from which charge was collected was related to the resistance between two of the lin...

A cold plasma ionization device has been designed to monitor freeze-drying processes in situ by monitoring lyophilization chamber moisture content. This plasma device, which consists of a probe that can be mounted directly on the lyophilization chamber, depends upon the ionization of nitrogen and water molecules using a radiofrequency generator and spectrometric signal collection. The study per...

Ionization Chambers have been commonly used at beamlines in many synchrotron radiation facilities. Typical ADC ion chambers are pictured in Figure 1. The chambers generate a current proportional to the incident X-ray beam intensity. The ionization chamber allows users to determine the change in beam position in a single axis by comparing two signals that are created as the beam passes through t...

a three-step selective photo-ionization for gd155 and gd157 isotopes by pulsed laser wasevaluated numerically. due to large thermal neutron absorption cross sections, these two isotopes innatural gadolinium are good candidates as burnable poison to control reactivity early in the fuel cycleand allow extended fuel burn up. rate equations have been used to calculate the dynamics of the isotopepop...

A position-sensitive neutron detector based on He is being developed for a national crystal backscattering spectrometer (CBS) at a pulsed neutron source. It comprises a single gas volume, of constant depth, in the form of an annulus that is also part of a truncated cone. Charge from each event is collected on one or two anode strips, out of a total 336 around the annulus, yielding an angular re...

The efficiency of the SIR ionization chamber versus photon energy has been obtained by an iterative method, starting from a few monoenergetic gamma-ray emitters. The relative standard uncertainty on the efficiency curve obtained is lower than 10(-2) above 65 keV. An efficiency curve for beta particles has been deduced in a similar manner, from measurements of (quasi-) pure beta emitters. The po...

Abstract The results of calibration measurements the proton beam Cherenkov monitor are presented. A good agreement was obtained between and readings ionization chamber plastic monitor. does not register photons electrons with energies below 170 keV, which is important for low-energy background suppression.

For the first time, the use of a traditional ionization source for ion mobility spectrometry (radioactive nickel ((63)Ni) beta emission ionization) and three alternative ionization sources (electrospray ionization (ESI), secondary electrospray ionization (SESI), and electrical discharge (corona) ionization (CI)) were employed with an atmospheric pressure ion mobility orthogonal reflector time-o...